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Complex Epidemiology of a Zoonotic Disease in a Culturally Diverse Region: Phylogeography of Rabies Virus in the Middle East

The Middle East is a culturally and politically diverse region at the gateway between Europe, Africa and Asia. Spatial dynamics of the fatal zoonotic disease rabies among countries of the Middle East and surrounding regions is poorly understood. An improved understanding of virus distribution is nec...

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Autores principales: Horton, Daniel L., McElhinney, Lorraine M., Freuling, Conrad M., Marston, Denise A., Banyard, Ashley C., Goharrriz, Hooman, Wise, Emma, Breed, Andrew C., Saturday, Greg, Kolodziejek, Jolanta, Zilahi, Erika, Al-Kobaisi, Muhannad F., Nowotny, Norbert, Mueller, Thomas, Fooks, Anthony R.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4374968/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25811659
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0003569
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author Horton, Daniel L.
McElhinney, Lorraine M.
Freuling, Conrad M.
Marston, Denise A.
Banyard, Ashley C.
Goharrriz, Hooman
Wise, Emma
Breed, Andrew C.
Saturday, Greg
Kolodziejek, Jolanta
Zilahi, Erika
Al-Kobaisi, Muhannad F.
Nowotny, Norbert
Mueller, Thomas
Fooks, Anthony R.
author_facet Horton, Daniel L.
McElhinney, Lorraine M.
Freuling, Conrad M.
Marston, Denise A.
Banyard, Ashley C.
Goharrriz, Hooman
Wise, Emma
Breed, Andrew C.
Saturday, Greg
Kolodziejek, Jolanta
Zilahi, Erika
Al-Kobaisi, Muhannad F.
Nowotny, Norbert
Mueller, Thomas
Fooks, Anthony R.
author_sort Horton, Daniel L.
collection PubMed
description The Middle East is a culturally and politically diverse region at the gateway between Europe, Africa and Asia. Spatial dynamics of the fatal zoonotic disease rabies among countries of the Middle East and surrounding regions is poorly understood. An improved understanding of virus distribution is necessary to direct control methods. Previous studies have suggested regular trans-boundary movement, but have been unable to infer direction. Here we address these issues, by investigating the evolution of 183 rabies virus isolates collected from over 20 countries between 1972 and 2014. We have undertaken a discrete phylogeographic analysis on a subset of 139 samples to infer where and when movements of rabies have occurred. We provide evidence for four genetically distinct clades with separate origins currently circulating in the Middle East and surrounding countries. Introductions of these viruses have been followed by regular and multidirectional trans-boundary movements in some parts of the region, but relative isolation in others. There is evidence for minimal regular incursion of rabies from Central and Eastern Asia. These data support current initiatives for regional collaboration that are essential for rabies elimination.
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spelling pubmed-43749682015-04-04 Complex Epidemiology of a Zoonotic Disease in a Culturally Diverse Region: Phylogeography of Rabies Virus in the Middle East Horton, Daniel L. McElhinney, Lorraine M. Freuling, Conrad M. Marston, Denise A. Banyard, Ashley C. Goharrriz, Hooman Wise, Emma Breed, Andrew C. Saturday, Greg Kolodziejek, Jolanta Zilahi, Erika Al-Kobaisi, Muhannad F. Nowotny, Norbert Mueller, Thomas Fooks, Anthony R. PLoS Negl Trop Dis Research Article The Middle East is a culturally and politically diverse region at the gateway between Europe, Africa and Asia. Spatial dynamics of the fatal zoonotic disease rabies among countries of the Middle East and surrounding regions is poorly understood. An improved understanding of virus distribution is necessary to direct control methods. Previous studies have suggested regular trans-boundary movement, but have been unable to infer direction. Here we address these issues, by investigating the evolution of 183 rabies virus isolates collected from over 20 countries between 1972 and 2014. We have undertaken a discrete phylogeographic analysis on a subset of 139 samples to infer where and when movements of rabies have occurred. We provide evidence for four genetically distinct clades with separate origins currently circulating in the Middle East and surrounding countries. Introductions of these viruses have been followed by regular and multidirectional trans-boundary movements in some parts of the region, but relative isolation in others. There is evidence for minimal regular incursion of rabies from Central and Eastern Asia. These data support current initiatives for regional collaboration that are essential for rabies elimination. Public Library of Science 2015-03-26 /pmc/articles/PMC4374968/ /pubmed/25811659 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0003569 Text en © 2015 Horton et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Horton, Daniel L.
McElhinney, Lorraine M.
Freuling, Conrad M.
Marston, Denise A.
Banyard, Ashley C.
Goharrriz, Hooman
Wise, Emma
Breed, Andrew C.
Saturday, Greg
Kolodziejek, Jolanta
Zilahi, Erika
Al-Kobaisi, Muhannad F.
Nowotny, Norbert
Mueller, Thomas
Fooks, Anthony R.
Complex Epidemiology of a Zoonotic Disease in a Culturally Diverse Region: Phylogeography of Rabies Virus in the Middle East
title Complex Epidemiology of a Zoonotic Disease in a Culturally Diverse Region: Phylogeography of Rabies Virus in the Middle East
title_full Complex Epidemiology of a Zoonotic Disease in a Culturally Diverse Region: Phylogeography of Rabies Virus in the Middle East
title_fullStr Complex Epidemiology of a Zoonotic Disease in a Culturally Diverse Region: Phylogeography of Rabies Virus in the Middle East
title_full_unstemmed Complex Epidemiology of a Zoonotic Disease in a Culturally Diverse Region: Phylogeography of Rabies Virus in the Middle East
title_short Complex Epidemiology of a Zoonotic Disease in a Culturally Diverse Region: Phylogeography of Rabies Virus in the Middle East
title_sort complex epidemiology of a zoonotic disease in a culturally diverse region: phylogeography of rabies virus in the middle east
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4374968/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25811659
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0003569
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