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Short-Term Effects of a High Nitrate Diet on Nitrate Metabolism in Healthy Individuals

Dietary nitrate, through the enterosalivary nitrate-nitrite-NO pathway, can improve blood pressure and arterial stiffness. How long systemic nitrate and nitrite remain elevated following cessation of high nitrate intake is unknown. In 19 healthy men and women, the time for salivary and plasma nitrat...

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Autores principales: Bondonno, Catherine P., Liu, Alex H., Croft, Kevin D., Ward, Natalie C., Puddey, Ian B., Woodman, Richard J., Hodgson, Jonathan M.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4377889/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25774606
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu7031906
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author Bondonno, Catherine P.
Liu, Alex H.
Croft, Kevin D.
Ward, Natalie C.
Puddey, Ian B.
Woodman, Richard J.
Hodgson, Jonathan M.
author_facet Bondonno, Catherine P.
Liu, Alex H.
Croft, Kevin D.
Ward, Natalie C.
Puddey, Ian B.
Woodman, Richard J.
Hodgson, Jonathan M.
author_sort Bondonno, Catherine P.
collection PubMed
description Dietary nitrate, through the enterosalivary nitrate-nitrite-NO pathway, can improve blood pressure and arterial stiffness. How long systemic nitrate and nitrite remain elevated following cessation of high nitrate intake is unknown. In 19 healthy men and women, the time for salivary and plasma nitrate and nitrite to return to baseline after 7 days increased nitrate intake from green leafy vegetables was determined. Salivary and plasma nitrate and nitrite was measured at baseline [D0], end of high nitrate diet [D7], day 9 [+2D], day 14 [+7D] and day 21 [+14D]. Urinary nitrite and nitrate was assessed at D7 and +14D. Increased dietary nitrate for 7 days resulted in a more than fourfold increase in saliva and plasma nitrate and nitrite (p < 0.001) measured at [D7]. At [+2D] plasma nitrite and nitrate had returned to baseline while saliva nitrate and nitrite were more than 1.5 times higher than at baseline levels. By [+7D] all metabolites had returned to baseline levels. The pattern of response was similar between men and women. Urinary nitrate and nitrate was sevenfold higher at D7 compared to +14D. These results suggest that daily ingestion of nitrate may be required to maintain the physiological changes associated with high nitrate intake.
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spelling pubmed-43778892015-04-30 Short-Term Effects of a High Nitrate Diet on Nitrate Metabolism in Healthy Individuals Bondonno, Catherine P. Liu, Alex H. Croft, Kevin D. Ward, Natalie C. Puddey, Ian B. Woodman, Richard J. Hodgson, Jonathan M. Nutrients Article Dietary nitrate, through the enterosalivary nitrate-nitrite-NO pathway, can improve blood pressure and arterial stiffness. How long systemic nitrate and nitrite remain elevated following cessation of high nitrate intake is unknown. In 19 healthy men and women, the time for salivary and plasma nitrate and nitrite to return to baseline after 7 days increased nitrate intake from green leafy vegetables was determined. Salivary and plasma nitrate and nitrite was measured at baseline [D0], end of high nitrate diet [D7], day 9 [+2D], day 14 [+7D] and day 21 [+14D]. Urinary nitrite and nitrate was assessed at D7 and +14D. Increased dietary nitrate for 7 days resulted in a more than fourfold increase in saliva and plasma nitrate and nitrite (p < 0.001) measured at [D7]. At [+2D] plasma nitrite and nitrate had returned to baseline while saliva nitrate and nitrite were more than 1.5 times higher than at baseline levels. By [+7D] all metabolites had returned to baseline levels. The pattern of response was similar between men and women. Urinary nitrate and nitrate was sevenfold higher at D7 compared to +14D. These results suggest that daily ingestion of nitrate may be required to maintain the physiological changes associated with high nitrate intake. MDPI 2015-03-12 /pmc/articles/PMC4377889/ /pubmed/25774606 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu7031906 Text en © 2015 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Bondonno, Catherine P.
Liu, Alex H.
Croft, Kevin D.
Ward, Natalie C.
Puddey, Ian B.
Woodman, Richard J.
Hodgson, Jonathan M.
Short-Term Effects of a High Nitrate Diet on Nitrate Metabolism in Healthy Individuals
title Short-Term Effects of a High Nitrate Diet on Nitrate Metabolism in Healthy Individuals
title_full Short-Term Effects of a High Nitrate Diet on Nitrate Metabolism in Healthy Individuals
title_fullStr Short-Term Effects of a High Nitrate Diet on Nitrate Metabolism in Healthy Individuals
title_full_unstemmed Short-Term Effects of a High Nitrate Diet on Nitrate Metabolism in Healthy Individuals
title_short Short-Term Effects of a High Nitrate Diet on Nitrate Metabolism in Healthy Individuals
title_sort short-term effects of a high nitrate diet on nitrate metabolism in healthy individuals
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4377889/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25774606
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu7031906
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