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The Cryptophlebia Leucotreta Granulovirus—10 Years of Commercial Field Use
In the last 15 years, extensive work on the Cryptophlebia leucotreta granulovirus (CrleGV) has been conducted in South Africa, initially in the laboratory, but subsequently also in the field. This culminated in the registration of the first CrleGV-based biopesticide in 2004 (hence, the 10 years of c...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2015
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4379571/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25809025 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v7031284 |
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author | Moore, Sean D. Kirkman, Wayne Richards, Garth I. Stephen, Peter R. |
author_facet | Moore, Sean D. Kirkman, Wayne Richards, Garth I. Stephen, Peter R. |
author_sort | Moore, Sean D. |
collection | PubMed |
description | In the last 15 years, extensive work on the Cryptophlebia leucotreta granulovirus (CrleGV) has been conducted in South Africa, initially in the laboratory, but subsequently also in the field. This culminated in the registration of the first CrleGV-based biopesticide in 2004 (hence, the 10 years of commercial use in the field) and the second one three years later. Since 2000, more than 50 field trials have been conducted with CrleGV against the false codling moth, Thaumatotibia leucotreta, on citrus in South Africa. In a representative sample of 13 field trials reported over this period, efficacy (measured by reduction in larval infestation of fruit) ranged between 30% and 92%. Efficacy was shown to persist at a level of 70% for up to 17 weeks after application of CrleGV. This only occurred where the virus was applied in blocks rather than to single trees. The addition of molasses substantially and sometimes significantly enhanced efficacy. It was also established that CrleGV should not be applied at less than ~2 × 10(13) OBs per ha in order to avoid compromised efficacy. As CrleGV-based products were shown to be at least as effective as chemical alternatives, persistent and compatible with natural enemies, their use is recommended within an integrated program for control of T. leucotreta on citrus and other crops. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4379571 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2015 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-43795712015-05-05 The Cryptophlebia Leucotreta Granulovirus—10 Years of Commercial Field Use Moore, Sean D. Kirkman, Wayne Richards, Garth I. Stephen, Peter R. Viruses Article In the last 15 years, extensive work on the Cryptophlebia leucotreta granulovirus (CrleGV) has been conducted in South Africa, initially in the laboratory, but subsequently also in the field. This culminated in the registration of the first CrleGV-based biopesticide in 2004 (hence, the 10 years of commercial use in the field) and the second one three years later. Since 2000, more than 50 field trials have been conducted with CrleGV against the false codling moth, Thaumatotibia leucotreta, on citrus in South Africa. In a representative sample of 13 field trials reported over this period, efficacy (measured by reduction in larval infestation of fruit) ranged between 30% and 92%. Efficacy was shown to persist at a level of 70% for up to 17 weeks after application of CrleGV. This only occurred where the virus was applied in blocks rather than to single trees. The addition of molasses substantially and sometimes significantly enhanced efficacy. It was also established that CrleGV should not be applied at less than ~2 × 10(13) OBs per ha in order to avoid compromised efficacy. As CrleGV-based products were shown to be at least as effective as chemical alternatives, persistent and compatible with natural enemies, their use is recommended within an integrated program for control of T. leucotreta on citrus and other crops. MDPI 2015-03-19 /pmc/articles/PMC4379571/ /pubmed/25809025 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v7031284 Text en © 2015 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Moore, Sean D. Kirkman, Wayne Richards, Garth I. Stephen, Peter R. The Cryptophlebia Leucotreta Granulovirus—10 Years of Commercial Field Use |
title | The Cryptophlebia Leucotreta Granulovirus—10 Years of Commercial Field Use |
title_full | The Cryptophlebia Leucotreta Granulovirus—10 Years of Commercial Field Use |
title_fullStr | The Cryptophlebia Leucotreta Granulovirus—10 Years of Commercial Field Use |
title_full_unstemmed | The Cryptophlebia Leucotreta Granulovirus—10 Years of Commercial Field Use |
title_short | The Cryptophlebia Leucotreta Granulovirus—10 Years of Commercial Field Use |
title_sort | cryptophlebia leucotreta granulovirus—10 years of commercial field use |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4379571/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25809025 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v7031284 |
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