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Genomics of microbial plasmids: classification and identification based on replication and transfer systems and host taxonomy

Plasmids are important “vehicles” for the communication of genetic information between bacteria. The exchange of plasmids transmits pathogenically and environmentally relevant traits to the host bacteria, promoting their rapid evolution and adaptation to various environments. Over the past six decad...

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Autores principales: Shintani, Masaki, Sanchez, Zoe K., Kimbara, Kazuhide
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4379921/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25873913
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2015.00242
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author Shintani, Masaki
Sanchez, Zoe K.
Kimbara, Kazuhide
author_facet Shintani, Masaki
Sanchez, Zoe K.
Kimbara, Kazuhide
author_sort Shintani, Masaki
collection PubMed
description Plasmids are important “vehicles” for the communication of genetic information between bacteria. The exchange of plasmids transmits pathogenically and environmentally relevant traits to the host bacteria, promoting their rapid evolution and adaptation to various environments. Over the past six decades, a large number of plasmids have been identified and isolated from different microbes. With the revolution of sequencing technology, more than 4600 complete sequences of plasmids found in bacteria, archaea, and eukaryotes have been determined. The classification of a wide variety of plasmids is not only important to understand their features, host ranges, and microbial evolution but is also necessary to effectively use them as genetic tools for microbial engineering. This review summarizes the current situation of the classification of fully sequenced plasmids based on their host taxonomy and their features of replication and conjugative transfer. The majority of the fully sequenced plasmids are found in bacteria in the Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Spirochaetes, Actinobacteria, Cyanobacteria and Euryarcheota phyla, and key features of each phylum are included. Recent advances in the identification of novel types of plasmids and plasmid transfer by culture-independent methods using samples from natural environments are also discussed.
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spelling pubmed-43799212015-04-13 Genomics of microbial plasmids: classification and identification based on replication and transfer systems and host taxonomy Shintani, Masaki Sanchez, Zoe K. Kimbara, Kazuhide Front Microbiol Microbiology Plasmids are important “vehicles” for the communication of genetic information between bacteria. The exchange of plasmids transmits pathogenically and environmentally relevant traits to the host bacteria, promoting their rapid evolution and adaptation to various environments. Over the past six decades, a large number of plasmids have been identified and isolated from different microbes. With the revolution of sequencing technology, more than 4600 complete sequences of plasmids found in bacteria, archaea, and eukaryotes have been determined. The classification of a wide variety of plasmids is not only important to understand their features, host ranges, and microbial evolution but is also necessary to effectively use them as genetic tools for microbial engineering. This review summarizes the current situation of the classification of fully sequenced plasmids based on their host taxonomy and their features of replication and conjugative transfer. The majority of the fully sequenced plasmids are found in bacteria in the Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Spirochaetes, Actinobacteria, Cyanobacteria and Euryarcheota phyla, and key features of each phylum are included. Recent advances in the identification of novel types of plasmids and plasmid transfer by culture-independent methods using samples from natural environments are also discussed. Frontiers Media S.A. 2015-03-31 /pmc/articles/PMC4379921/ /pubmed/25873913 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2015.00242 Text en Copyright © 2015 Shintani, Sanchez and Kimbara. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Microbiology
Shintani, Masaki
Sanchez, Zoe K.
Kimbara, Kazuhide
Genomics of microbial plasmids: classification and identification based on replication and transfer systems and host taxonomy
title Genomics of microbial plasmids: classification and identification based on replication and transfer systems and host taxonomy
title_full Genomics of microbial plasmids: classification and identification based on replication and transfer systems and host taxonomy
title_fullStr Genomics of microbial plasmids: classification and identification based on replication and transfer systems and host taxonomy
title_full_unstemmed Genomics of microbial plasmids: classification and identification based on replication and transfer systems and host taxonomy
title_short Genomics of microbial plasmids: classification and identification based on replication and transfer systems and host taxonomy
title_sort genomics of microbial plasmids: classification and identification based on replication and transfer systems and host taxonomy
topic Microbiology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4379921/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25873913
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2015.00242
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