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Characteristics of Patients That Do Not Initially Respond to Intravenous Antihypertensives in the Emergency Department: Subanalysis of the CLUE Trial
INTRODUCTION: Hypertensive emergency has a high mortality risk and the treatment goal is to quickly lower blood pressure with intravenous (IV) medications. Characteristics that are associated with non-response to IV antihypertensives have not been identified. The objective is to identify patient cha...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Department of Emergency Medicine, University of California, Irvine School of Medicine
2015
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4380379/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25834670 http://dx.doi.org/10.5811/westjem.2015.1.23308 |
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author | Freiermuth, Caroline E. Chandra, Abhinav Peacock, W. Frank |
author_facet | Freiermuth, Caroline E. Chandra, Abhinav Peacock, W. Frank |
author_sort | Freiermuth, Caroline E. |
collection | PubMed |
description | INTRODUCTION: Hypertensive emergency has a high mortality risk and the treatment goal is to quickly lower blood pressure with intravenous (IV) medications. Characteristics that are associated with non-response to IV antihypertensives have not been identified. The objective is to identify patient characteristics associated with resistance to IV antihypertensives. METHODS: This was a subanalysis of patients enrolled in the previously described comparative effectiveness trial of IV nicardipine vs. labetalol use in the emergency department (CLUE) study, a randomized trial of nicardipine vs. labetalol. Non-responders were defined as those patients who did not achieve target systolic blood pressure (SBP), as set by the treating physician, within thirty minutes of IV antihypertensive medication, +/− 20mmHg. Stepwise logistic regression was used to identify covariates associated with the measurement outcomes. RESULTS: CLUE enrolled 226 patients, 52.7% female, 76.4% black, mean age of 52.6±14.6 years, of whom 110 were treated with nicardipine and 116 with labetalol. The median (IQR) initial systolic blood pressure was 211mmHg (198, 226), 210 (200, 230), and 211mmHg (198, 226), for the total, non-responder, and responder cohorts, respectively (p-value=0.65, 95% CI [−5.8–11.3]). Twenty-nine were non-responders, 9 in the nicardipine and 20 in the labetalol group. In univariate analysis, several symptoms suggestive of end organ damage were associated with non-response. After multiple variable logistic regression (AUC = 0.72), treatment with labetalol (OR 2.7, 95% CI [1.1–6.7]), history of stroke (OR 5.4, 95% CI [1.6–18.5]), and being male (OR 3.3, 95% CI [1.4–8.1]) were associated with failure to achieve target blood pressure. CONCLUSION: Male gender and history of previous stroke are associated with difficult to control blood pressure. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4380379 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2015 |
publisher | Department of Emergency Medicine, University of California, Irvine School of Medicine |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-43803792015-04-01 Characteristics of Patients That Do Not Initially Respond to Intravenous Antihypertensives in the Emergency Department: Subanalysis of the CLUE Trial Freiermuth, Caroline E. Chandra, Abhinav Peacock, W. Frank West J Emerg Med Health Outcomes INTRODUCTION: Hypertensive emergency has a high mortality risk and the treatment goal is to quickly lower blood pressure with intravenous (IV) medications. Characteristics that are associated with non-response to IV antihypertensives have not been identified. The objective is to identify patient characteristics associated with resistance to IV antihypertensives. METHODS: This was a subanalysis of patients enrolled in the previously described comparative effectiveness trial of IV nicardipine vs. labetalol use in the emergency department (CLUE) study, a randomized trial of nicardipine vs. labetalol. Non-responders were defined as those patients who did not achieve target systolic blood pressure (SBP), as set by the treating physician, within thirty minutes of IV antihypertensive medication, +/− 20mmHg. Stepwise logistic regression was used to identify covariates associated with the measurement outcomes. RESULTS: CLUE enrolled 226 patients, 52.7% female, 76.4% black, mean age of 52.6±14.6 years, of whom 110 were treated with nicardipine and 116 with labetalol. The median (IQR) initial systolic blood pressure was 211mmHg (198, 226), 210 (200, 230), and 211mmHg (198, 226), for the total, non-responder, and responder cohorts, respectively (p-value=0.65, 95% CI [−5.8–11.3]). Twenty-nine were non-responders, 9 in the nicardipine and 20 in the labetalol group. In univariate analysis, several symptoms suggestive of end organ damage were associated with non-response. After multiple variable logistic regression (AUC = 0.72), treatment with labetalol (OR 2.7, 95% CI [1.1–6.7]), history of stroke (OR 5.4, 95% CI [1.6–18.5]), and being male (OR 3.3, 95% CI [1.4–8.1]) were associated with failure to achieve target blood pressure. CONCLUSION: Male gender and history of previous stroke are associated with difficult to control blood pressure. Department of Emergency Medicine, University of California, Irvine School of Medicine 2015-03 2015-03-17 /pmc/articles/PMC4380379/ /pubmed/25834670 http://dx.doi.org/10.5811/westjem.2015.1.23308 Text en Copyright © 2015 the authors. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) License. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. |
spellingShingle | Health Outcomes Freiermuth, Caroline E. Chandra, Abhinav Peacock, W. Frank Characteristics of Patients That Do Not Initially Respond to Intravenous Antihypertensives in the Emergency Department: Subanalysis of the CLUE Trial |
title | Characteristics of Patients That Do Not Initially Respond to Intravenous Antihypertensives in the Emergency Department: Subanalysis of the CLUE Trial |
title_full | Characteristics of Patients That Do Not Initially Respond to Intravenous Antihypertensives in the Emergency Department: Subanalysis of the CLUE Trial |
title_fullStr | Characteristics of Patients That Do Not Initially Respond to Intravenous Antihypertensives in the Emergency Department: Subanalysis of the CLUE Trial |
title_full_unstemmed | Characteristics of Patients That Do Not Initially Respond to Intravenous Antihypertensives in the Emergency Department: Subanalysis of the CLUE Trial |
title_short | Characteristics of Patients That Do Not Initially Respond to Intravenous Antihypertensives in the Emergency Department: Subanalysis of the CLUE Trial |
title_sort | characteristics of patients that do not initially respond to intravenous antihypertensives in the emergency department: subanalysis of the clue trial |
topic | Health Outcomes |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4380379/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25834670 http://dx.doi.org/10.5811/westjem.2015.1.23308 |
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