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Collateral benefits arising from mass administration of azithromycin in the control of active trachoma in resource limited settings

INTRODUCTION: The benefits of the use of antibiotics in the mass treatment for active trachoma and other diseases have been documented, but the secondary effects arising from such a programme have not been fully elucidated. The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential secondary benefit...

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Autores principales: Kigen, Gabriel, Rotich, Joseph, Karimurio, Jefitha, Rono, Hillary
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: The African Field Epidemiology Network 2014
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4382070/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25852799
http://dx.doi.org/10.11604/pamj.2014.19.256.3548
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author Kigen, Gabriel
Rotich, Joseph
Karimurio, Jefitha
Rono, Hillary
author_facet Kigen, Gabriel
Rotich, Joseph
Karimurio, Jefitha
Rono, Hillary
author_sort Kigen, Gabriel
collection PubMed
description INTRODUCTION: The benefits of the use of antibiotics in the mass treatment for active trachoma and other diseases have been documented, but the secondary effects arising from such a programme have not been fully elucidated. The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential secondary benefits arising from the use of azithromycin in mass treatment of active trachoma in an economically challenged Kenyan nomadic community. METHODS: Health information reports for January 2005 to December 2010 were reviewed to determine the annual trends of infectious diseases in the two districts, Narok and Transmara. The year 2007 was considered as the baseline for mass drug administration (MDA). Odds ratios (OR) were used to describe the association. RESULTS: The mass distribution coverage in Narok was 83% in 2008, 74% in 2009 and 63% in 2010. The odds for malaria (OR = 1.13; 95% CI 1.12-1.14), diarrhoeal diseases (OR = 1.04; 95% CI 1.01-1.06), urinary tract infections (UTIs) (OR = 1.21; 95% CI 1.17-1.26), intestinal worms (OR, 4.98; 95% CI 4.68-5.3), and respiratory diseases other than pneumonia (OR, 1.15; 95% CI 1.13-1.16) were higher after three rounds of mass treatment, indicating a better outcome. Before the intervention, there was a reducing trend in the odds for respiratory diseases. In Transmara (control), there was an increase in odds for malaria, respiratory infections, UTIs and intestinal worms. The odds for diarrhoeal diseases, skin diseases and pneumonia decreased throughout the study period. CONCLUSION: Mass distribution of azithromycin may have contributed to the decrease in the prevalence of the respiratory infections in Narok District.
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spelling pubmed-43820702015-04-07 Collateral benefits arising from mass administration of azithromycin in the control of active trachoma in resource limited settings Kigen, Gabriel Rotich, Joseph Karimurio, Jefitha Rono, Hillary Pan Afr Med J Research INTRODUCTION: The benefits of the use of antibiotics in the mass treatment for active trachoma and other diseases have been documented, but the secondary effects arising from such a programme have not been fully elucidated. The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential secondary benefits arising from the use of azithromycin in mass treatment of active trachoma in an economically challenged Kenyan nomadic community. METHODS: Health information reports for January 2005 to December 2010 were reviewed to determine the annual trends of infectious diseases in the two districts, Narok and Transmara. The year 2007 was considered as the baseline for mass drug administration (MDA). Odds ratios (OR) were used to describe the association. RESULTS: The mass distribution coverage in Narok was 83% in 2008, 74% in 2009 and 63% in 2010. The odds for malaria (OR = 1.13; 95% CI 1.12-1.14), diarrhoeal diseases (OR = 1.04; 95% CI 1.01-1.06), urinary tract infections (UTIs) (OR = 1.21; 95% CI 1.17-1.26), intestinal worms (OR, 4.98; 95% CI 4.68-5.3), and respiratory diseases other than pneumonia (OR, 1.15; 95% CI 1.13-1.16) were higher after three rounds of mass treatment, indicating a better outcome. Before the intervention, there was a reducing trend in the odds for respiratory diseases. In Transmara (control), there was an increase in odds for malaria, respiratory infections, UTIs and intestinal worms. The odds for diarrhoeal diseases, skin diseases and pneumonia decreased throughout the study period. CONCLUSION: Mass distribution of azithromycin may have contributed to the decrease in the prevalence of the respiratory infections in Narok District. The African Field Epidemiology Network 2014-11-07 /pmc/articles/PMC4382070/ /pubmed/25852799 http://dx.doi.org/10.11604/pamj.2014.19.256.3548 Text en © Gabriel Kigen et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/ The Pan African Medical Journal - ISSN 1937-8688. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Research
Kigen, Gabriel
Rotich, Joseph
Karimurio, Jefitha
Rono, Hillary
Collateral benefits arising from mass administration of azithromycin in the control of active trachoma in resource limited settings
title Collateral benefits arising from mass administration of azithromycin in the control of active trachoma in resource limited settings
title_full Collateral benefits arising from mass administration of azithromycin in the control of active trachoma in resource limited settings
title_fullStr Collateral benefits arising from mass administration of azithromycin in the control of active trachoma in resource limited settings
title_full_unstemmed Collateral benefits arising from mass administration of azithromycin in the control of active trachoma in resource limited settings
title_short Collateral benefits arising from mass administration of azithromycin in the control of active trachoma in resource limited settings
title_sort collateral benefits arising from mass administration of azithromycin in the control of active trachoma in resource limited settings
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4382070/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25852799
http://dx.doi.org/10.11604/pamj.2014.19.256.3548
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