Analysis of the Influence of Type of Diabetes Mellitus on the Development and Type of Glaucoma

AIM: Main the goal of the research is to analyze the occurrence of glaucoma in patients with diabetes mellitus type 1 (DM type 1) and diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM type 2). PATIENTS AND METHODS: The study involved 140 patients, 34 with DM type 1 and 106 with DM type2. In relation to the type of glaucoma to the patients are divided into two groups: Primary and Secondary glaucoma. According to the stage of diabetic retinopathy (DR) patients were analyzed in three groups: non-proliferative, preproliferative and proliferative DR. Since ophthalmological parameters were analyzed: best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), intraocular pressure (IOP), visual field (VF) of computerized perimetry, excavatio optic nerve (E/D) by optic coherent tomography (OCT). RESULTS: Applying the test of quotient chance found that subjects with DM type 1 have a 5.94 times greater chance of developing secondary glaucoma, but is of primary (P <0.0001). In patients with DM type 2, where the chance of getting the subjects of secondary glaucoma 4.43 times larger than that of the primary (P = 0.0002). CONCLUSION: Patients with DM type have great chance of developing secondary glaucoma of the primary. Primary glaucoma more common in NPDR but secondary glaucoma more common in PDR.