A Rare Occurrence of Neonatal Nephroblastoma in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Case Report and Management in a Resource-Constrained Region

Neonatal nephroblastoma has been rarely reported in African neonate. A premature newborn (a 5-day-old male) was transferred with a history of neonatal abdominal mass. Ultrasonography revealed 75×46 mm, well-defined mass with mixed echogenicity replacing the right kidney. The patient underwent right radical nephrectomy and the tumor was confirmed to be a blastemal predominant Wilms’ tumor by the histopathological examination and has an unfavorable prognosis. The child died secondary to multiple organ failure, three days after surgery. Our case report serves to remind us the need to bear in mind the possibility of the diagnosis of neonatal nephroblastoma in neonate with renal mass.