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The association of cold weather and all-cause and cause-specific mortality in the island of Ireland between 1984 and 2007

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to assess the relationship between cold temperature and daily mortality in the Republic of Ireland (ROI) and Northern Ireland (NI), and to explore any differences in the population responses between the two jurisdictions. METHODS: A time-stratified case-crossover approac...

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Autores principales: Zeka, Ariana, Browne, Stephen, McAvoy, Helen, Goodman, Patrick
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2014
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4391579/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25480672
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1476-069X-13-104
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author Zeka, Ariana
Browne, Stephen
McAvoy, Helen
Goodman, Patrick
author_facet Zeka, Ariana
Browne, Stephen
McAvoy, Helen
Goodman, Patrick
author_sort Zeka, Ariana
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: This study aimed to assess the relationship between cold temperature and daily mortality in the Republic of Ireland (ROI) and Northern Ireland (NI), and to explore any differences in the population responses between the two jurisdictions. METHODS: A time-stratified case-crossover approach was used to examine this relationship in two adult national populations, between 1984 and 2007. Daily mortality risk was examined in association with exposure to daily maximum temperatures on the same day and up to 6 weeks preceding death, during the winter (December-February) and an extended cold period (October-March), using distributed lag models. Model stratification by age and gender assessed for modification of the cold weather-mortality relationship. RESULTS: In the ROI, the impact of cold weather in winter persisted up to 35 days, with a cumulative mortality increase for all-causes of 6.4% (95% CI = 4.8%-7.9%) in relation to every 1°C drop in daily maximum temperature, similar increases for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and stroke, and twice as much for respiratory causes. In NI, these associations were less pronounced for CVD causes, and overall extended up to 28 days. Effects of cold weather on mortality increased with age in both jurisdictions, and some suggestive gender differences were observed. CONCLUSIONS: The study findings indicated strong cold weather-mortality associations in the island of Ireland; these effects were less persistent, and for CVD mortality, smaller in NI than in the ROI. Together with suggestive differences in associations by age and gender between the two Irish jurisdictions, the findings suggest potential contribution of underlying societal differences, and require further exploration. The evidence provided here will hope to contribute to the current efforts to modify fuel policy and reduce winter mortality in Ireland.
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spelling pubmed-43915792015-04-10 The association of cold weather and all-cause and cause-specific mortality in the island of Ireland between 1984 and 2007 Zeka, Ariana Browne, Stephen McAvoy, Helen Goodman, Patrick Environ Health Research BACKGROUND: This study aimed to assess the relationship between cold temperature and daily mortality in the Republic of Ireland (ROI) and Northern Ireland (NI), and to explore any differences in the population responses between the two jurisdictions. METHODS: A time-stratified case-crossover approach was used to examine this relationship in two adult national populations, between 1984 and 2007. Daily mortality risk was examined in association with exposure to daily maximum temperatures on the same day and up to 6 weeks preceding death, during the winter (December-February) and an extended cold period (October-March), using distributed lag models. Model stratification by age and gender assessed for modification of the cold weather-mortality relationship. RESULTS: In the ROI, the impact of cold weather in winter persisted up to 35 days, with a cumulative mortality increase for all-causes of 6.4% (95% CI = 4.8%-7.9%) in relation to every 1°C drop in daily maximum temperature, similar increases for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and stroke, and twice as much for respiratory causes. In NI, these associations were less pronounced for CVD causes, and overall extended up to 28 days. Effects of cold weather on mortality increased with age in both jurisdictions, and some suggestive gender differences were observed. CONCLUSIONS: The study findings indicated strong cold weather-mortality associations in the island of Ireland; these effects were less persistent, and for CVD mortality, smaller in NI than in the ROI. Together with suggestive differences in associations by age and gender between the two Irish jurisdictions, the findings suggest potential contribution of underlying societal differences, and require further exploration. The evidence provided here will hope to contribute to the current efforts to modify fuel policy and reduce winter mortality in Ireland. BioMed Central 2014-12-06 /pmc/articles/PMC4391579/ /pubmed/25480672 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1476-069X-13-104 Text en © Zeka et al.; licensee BioMed Central. 2014 This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
spellingShingle Research
Zeka, Ariana
Browne, Stephen
McAvoy, Helen
Goodman, Patrick
The association of cold weather and all-cause and cause-specific mortality in the island of Ireland between 1984 and 2007
title The association of cold weather and all-cause and cause-specific mortality in the island of Ireland between 1984 and 2007
title_full The association of cold weather and all-cause and cause-specific mortality in the island of Ireland between 1984 and 2007
title_fullStr The association of cold weather and all-cause and cause-specific mortality in the island of Ireland between 1984 and 2007
title_full_unstemmed The association of cold weather and all-cause and cause-specific mortality in the island of Ireland between 1984 and 2007
title_short The association of cold weather and all-cause and cause-specific mortality in the island of Ireland between 1984 and 2007
title_sort association of cold weather and all-cause and cause-specific mortality in the island of ireland between 1984 and 2007
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4391579/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25480672
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1476-069X-13-104
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