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Changes in the blood-nerve barrier after sciatic nerve cold injury: indications supporting early treatment

Severe edema in the endoneurium can occur after non-freezing cold injury to the peripheral nerve, which suggests damage to the blood-nerve barrier. To determine the effects of cold injury on the blood-nerve barrier, the sciatic nerve on one side of Wistar rats was treated with low temperatures (3–5°...

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Autores principales: Li, Hao, Jia, Jian-ping, Xu, Min, Zhang, Lei
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4396104/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25878590
http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1673-5374.153690
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author Li, Hao
Jia, Jian-ping
Xu, Min
Zhang, Lei
author_facet Li, Hao
Jia, Jian-ping
Xu, Min
Zhang, Lei
author_sort Li, Hao
collection PubMed
description Severe edema in the endoneurium can occur after non-freezing cold injury to the peripheral nerve, which suggests damage to the blood-nerve barrier. To determine the effects of cold injury on the blood-nerve barrier, the sciatic nerve on one side of Wistar rats was treated with low temperatures (3–5°C) for 2 hours. The contralateral sciatic nerve was used as a control. We assessed changes in the nerves using Evans blue as a fluid tracer and morphological methods. Excess fluid was found in the endoneurium 1 day after cold injury, though the tight junctions between cells remained closed. From 3 to 5 days after the cold injury, the fluid was still present, but the tight junctions were open. Less tracer leakage was found from 3 to 5 days after the cold injury compared with 1 day after injury. The cold injury resulted in a breakdown of the blood-nerve barrier function, which caused endoneurial edema. However, during the early period, the breakdown of the blood-nerve barrier did not include the opening of tight junctions, but was due to other factors. Excessive fluid volume produced a large increase in the endoneurial fluid pressure, prevented liquid penetration into the endoneurium from the microvasculature. These results suggest that drug treatment to patients with cold injuries should be administered during the early period after injury because it may be more difficult for the drug to reach the injury site through the microcirculation after the tissue fluid pressure becomes elevated.
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spelling pubmed-43961042015-04-15 Changes in the blood-nerve barrier after sciatic nerve cold injury: indications supporting early treatment Li, Hao Jia, Jian-ping Xu, Min Zhang, Lei Neural Regen Res Research Article Severe edema in the endoneurium can occur after non-freezing cold injury to the peripheral nerve, which suggests damage to the blood-nerve barrier. To determine the effects of cold injury on the blood-nerve barrier, the sciatic nerve on one side of Wistar rats was treated with low temperatures (3–5°C) for 2 hours. The contralateral sciatic nerve was used as a control. We assessed changes in the nerves using Evans blue as a fluid tracer and morphological methods. Excess fluid was found in the endoneurium 1 day after cold injury, though the tight junctions between cells remained closed. From 3 to 5 days after the cold injury, the fluid was still present, but the tight junctions were open. Less tracer leakage was found from 3 to 5 days after the cold injury compared with 1 day after injury. The cold injury resulted in a breakdown of the blood-nerve barrier function, which caused endoneurial edema. However, during the early period, the breakdown of the blood-nerve barrier did not include the opening of tight junctions, but was due to other factors. Excessive fluid volume produced a large increase in the endoneurial fluid pressure, prevented liquid penetration into the endoneurium from the microvasculature. These results suggest that drug treatment to patients with cold injuries should be administered during the early period after injury because it may be more difficult for the drug to reach the injury site through the microcirculation after the tissue fluid pressure becomes elevated. Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd 2015-03 /pmc/articles/PMC4396104/ /pubmed/25878590 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1673-5374.153690 Text en Copyright: © Neural Regeneration Research http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0 This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 Unported, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Li, Hao
Jia, Jian-ping
Xu, Min
Zhang, Lei
Changes in the blood-nerve barrier after sciatic nerve cold injury: indications supporting early treatment
title Changes in the blood-nerve barrier after sciatic nerve cold injury: indications supporting early treatment
title_full Changes in the blood-nerve barrier after sciatic nerve cold injury: indications supporting early treatment
title_fullStr Changes in the blood-nerve barrier after sciatic nerve cold injury: indications supporting early treatment
title_full_unstemmed Changes in the blood-nerve barrier after sciatic nerve cold injury: indications supporting early treatment
title_short Changes in the blood-nerve barrier after sciatic nerve cold injury: indications supporting early treatment
title_sort changes in the blood-nerve barrier after sciatic nerve cold injury: indications supporting early treatment
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4396104/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25878590
http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1673-5374.153690
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