Management of ovarian cysts and cancer in pregnancy

Adnexal masses during pregnancy are not uncommon. Ovarian cysts or masses during pregnancy should be accurately evaluated to identify the patients who need surgical interventions from those where a ‘wait-and-see’ strategy can be followed. Ultrasound and MRI are safe diagnostic tools to distinguish between benign and malignant lesions. Treatment options (surgical procedures) should be discussed for each patient individually. Both open surgery and laparoscopy can be performed considering the tumour diameter, gestational age and surgical expertise. A multidisciplinary approach is necessary in case of high suspicion of malignancy and preferably patients should be referred to centres with specialized experience.