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An experimental study of muscular injury repair in a mouse model of notexin-induced lesion with EPI® technique
BACKGROUND: The mechanisms of muscle injury repair after EPI® technique, a treatment based on electrical stimulation, have not been described. This study determines whether EPI® therapy could improve muscle damage. METHODS: Twenty-four rats were divided into a control group, Notexin group (7 and 14...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2015
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4403980/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25897404 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13102-015-0002-0 |
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author | Abat, Ferran Valles, Soraya-L Gelber, Pablo-Eduardo Polidori, Fernando Jorda, Adrian García-Herreros, Sergio Monllau, Joan-Carles Sanchez-Ibáñez, Jose-Manuel |
author_facet | Abat, Ferran Valles, Soraya-L Gelber, Pablo-Eduardo Polidori, Fernando Jorda, Adrian García-Herreros, Sergio Monllau, Joan-Carles Sanchez-Ibáñez, Jose-Manuel |
author_sort | Abat, Ferran |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: The mechanisms of muscle injury repair after EPI® technique, a treatment based on electrical stimulation, have not been described. This study determines whether EPI® therapy could improve muscle damage. METHODS: Twenty-four rats were divided into a control group, Notexin group (7 and 14 days) and a Notexin + EPI group. To induce muscle injury, Notexin was injected in the quadriceps of the left extremity of rats. Pro-inflammatory interleukin 1-beta (IL-1beta) and tumoral necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) were determined by ELISA. The expression of receptor peroxisome gamma proliferator activator (PPAR-gamma), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 (VEGF-R1) were determined by western-blot. RESULTS: The plasma levels of TNF-alpha and IL-1beta in Notexin-injured rats showed a significant increase compared with the control group. EPI® produced a return of TNF-alpha and IL-1beta values to control levels. PPAR-gamma expression diminished injured quadriceps muscle in rats. EPI® increased PPAR-gamma, VEGF and VEGF-R1 expressions. EPI® decreased plasma levels of pro-inflammatory TNF-alpha and IL-1beta and increased anti-inflammatory PPAR-gamma and proangiogenic factors as well as VEGF and VEGF-R1 expressions. CONCLUSION: The EPI® technique may affect inflammatory mediators in damaged muscle tissue and influences the new vascularization of the injured area. These results suggest that EPI® might represent a useful new therapy for the treatment of muscle injuries. Although our study in rats may represent a valid approach to evaluate EPI® treatment, studies designed to determine how the EPI® treatment may affect recovery of injury in humans are needed. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4403980 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2015 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-44039802015-04-21 An experimental study of muscular injury repair in a mouse model of notexin-induced lesion with EPI® technique Abat, Ferran Valles, Soraya-L Gelber, Pablo-Eduardo Polidori, Fernando Jorda, Adrian García-Herreros, Sergio Monllau, Joan-Carles Sanchez-Ibáñez, Jose-Manuel BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil Research Article BACKGROUND: The mechanisms of muscle injury repair after EPI® technique, a treatment based on electrical stimulation, have not been described. This study determines whether EPI® therapy could improve muscle damage. METHODS: Twenty-four rats were divided into a control group, Notexin group (7 and 14 days) and a Notexin + EPI group. To induce muscle injury, Notexin was injected in the quadriceps of the left extremity of rats. Pro-inflammatory interleukin 1-beta (IL-1beta) and tumoral necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) were determined by ELISA. The expression of receptor peroxisome gamma proliferator activator (PPAR-gamma), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 (VEGF-R1) were determined by western-blot. RESULTS: The plasma levels of TNF-alpha and IL-1beta in Notexin-injured rats showed a significant increase compared with the control group. EPI® produced a return of TNF-alpha and IL-1beta values to control levels. PPAR-gamma expression diminished injured quadriceps muscle in rats. EPI® increased PPAR-gamma, VEGF and VEGF-R1 expressions. EPI® decreased plasma levels of pro-inflammatory TNF-alpha and IL-1beta and increased anti-inflammatory PPAR-gamma and proangiogenic factors as well as VEGF and VEGF-R1 expressions. CONCLUSION: The EPI® technique may affect inflammatory mediators in damaged muscle tissue and influences the new vascularization of the injured area. These results suggest that EPI® might represent a useful new therapy for the treatment of muscle injuries. Although our study in rats may represent a valid approach to evaluate EPI® treatment, studies designed to determine how the EPI® treatment may affect recovery of injury in humans are needed. BioMed Central 2015-04-17 /pmc/articles/PMC4403980/ /pubmed/25897404 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13102-015-0002-0 Text en © Abat et al.; licensee BioMed Central. 2015 This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Abat, Ferran Valles, Soraya-L Gelber, Pablo-Eduardo Polidori, Fernando Jorda, Adrian García-Herreros, Sergio Monllau, Joan-Carles Sanchez-Ibáñez, Jose-Manuel An experimental study of muscular injury repair in a mouse model of notexin-induced lesion with EPI® technique |
title | An experimental study of muscular injury repair in a mouse model of notexin-induced lesion with EPI® technique |
title_full | An experimental study of muscular injury repair in a mouse model of notexin-induced lesion with EPI® technique |
title_fullStr | An experimental study of muscular injury repair in a mouse model of notexin-induced lesion with EPI® technique |
title_full_unstemmed | An experimental study of muscular injury repair in a mouse model of notexin-induced lesion with EPI® technique |
title_short | An experimental study of muscular injury repair in a mouse model of notexin-induced lesion with EPI® technique |
title_sort | experimental study of muscular injury repair in a mouse model of notexin-induced lesion with epi® technique |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4403980/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25897404 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13102-015-0002-0 |
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