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Syn-Vivo Bioerosion of Nautilus by Endo- and Epilithic Foraminiferans (New Caledonia and Vanuatu)

A variety of syn-vivo bioerosion traces produced by foraminiferans is recorded in shells of Nautilus sampled near New Caledonia and Vanuatu. These are two types of attachment scars of epilithic foraminiferans and two forms of previously undescribed microborings, a spiral-shaped and a dendritic one,...

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Autores principales: Seuss, Barbara, Wisshak, Max, Mapes, Royal H., Landman, Neil H.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4404336/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25894584
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0125558
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author Seuss, Barbara
Wisshak, Max
Mapes, Royal H.
Landman, Neil H.
author_facet Seuss, Barbara
Wisshak, Max
Mapes, Royal H.
Landman, Neil H.
author_sort Seuss, Barbara
collection PubMed
description A variety of syn-vivo bioerosion traces produced by foraminiferans is recorded in shells of Nautilus sampled near New Caledonia and Vanuatu. These are two types of attachment scars of epilithic foraminiferans and two forms of previously undescribed microborings, a spiral-shaped and a dendritic one, both most likely being the work of endolithic 'naked' foraminiferans. Scanning electron microscopy of epoxy-resin casts of the latter revealed that these traces occur in clusters of up to many dozen individuals and potentially are substrate-specific. The foraminiferan traces are the sole signs of bioerosion in the studied Nautilus conchs, and neither traces of phototrophic nor other chemotrophic microendoliths were found. While the complete absence of photoautotrophic endoliths would be in good accordance with the life habit of Nautilus, which resides in aphotic deep marine environments and seeks shallower waters in the photic zone for feeding only during night-time, the absence of any microbial bioerosion may also be explained by an effective defence provided by the nautilid periostracum. Following this line of reasoning, the recorded foraminiferan bioerosion traces in turn would identify their trace makers as being specialized in their ability to penetrate the periostracum barrier and to bioerode the shell of modern Nautilus.
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spelling pubmed-44043362015-05-02 Syn-Vivo Bioerosion of Nautilus by Endo- and Epilithic Foraminiferans (New Caledonia and Vanuatu) Seuss, Barbara Wisshak, Max Mapes, Royal H. Landman, Neil H. PLoS One Research Article A variety of syn-vivo bioerosion traces produced by foraminiferans is recorded in shells of Nautilus sampled near New Caledonia and Vanuatu. These are two types of attachment scars of epilithic foraminiferans and two forms of previously undescribed microborings, a spiral-shaped and a dendritic one, both most likely being the work of endolithic 'naked' foraminiferans. Scanning electron microscopy of epoxy-resin casts of the latter revealed that these traces occur in clusters of up to many dozen individuals and potentially are substrate-specific. The foraminiferan traces are the sole signs of bioerosion in the studied Nautilus conchs, and neither traces of phototrophic nor other chemotrophic microendoliths were found. While the complete absence of photoautotrophic endoliths would be in good accordance with the life habit of Nautilus, which resides in aphotic deep marine environments and seeks shallower waters in the photic zone for feeding only during night-time, the absence of any microbial bioerosion may also be explained by an effective defence provided by the nautilid periostracum. Following this line of reasoning, the recorded foraminiferan bioerosion traces in turn would identify their trace makers as being specialized in their ability to penetrate the periostracum barrier and to bioerode the shell of modern Nautilus. Public Library of Science 2015-04-20 /pmc/articles/PMC4404336/ /pubmed/25894584 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0125558 Text en © 2015 Seuss et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Seuss, Barbara
Wisshak, Max
Mapes, Royal H.
Landman, Neil H.
Syn-Vivo Bioerosion of Nautilus by Endo- and Epilithic Foraminiferans (New Caledonia and Vanuatu)
title Syn-Vivo Bioerosion of Nautilus by Endo- and Epilithic Foraminiferans (New Caledonia and Vanuatu)
title_full Syn-Vivo Bioerosion of Nautilus by Endo- and Epilithic Foraminiferans (New Caledonia and Vanuatu)
title_fullStr Syn-Vivo Bioerosion of Nautilus by Endo- and Epilithic Foraminiferans (New Caledonia and Vanuatu)
title_full_unstemmed Syn-Vivo Bioerosion of Nautilus by Endo- and Epilithic Foraminiferans (New Caledonia and Vanuatu)
title_short Syn-Vivo Bioerosion of Nautilus by Endo- and Epilithic Foraminiferans (New Caledonia and Vanuatu)
title_sort syn-vivo bioerosion of nautilus by endo- and epilithic foraminiferans (new caledonia and vanuatu)
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4404336/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25894584
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0125558
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