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Gestational diabetes mellitus

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is the most common medical complication of pregnancy. It is associated with maternal and neonatal adverse outcomes. Maintaining adequate blood glucose levels in GDM reduces morbidity for both mother and baby. There is a lack of uniform strategies for screening and...

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Autor principal: Alfadhli, Eman M.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Saudi Medical Journal 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4404472/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25828275
http://dx.doi.org/10.15537/smj.2015.4.10307
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author Alfadhli, Eman M.
author_facet Alfadhli, Eman M.
author_sort Alfadhli, Eman M.
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description Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is the most common medical complication of pregnancy. It is associated with maternal and neonatal adverse outcomes. Maintaining adequate blood glucose levels in GDM reduces morbidity for both mother and baby. There is a lack of uniform strategies for screening and diagnosing GDM globally. This review covers the latest update in the diagnosis and management of GDM. The initial treatment of GDM consists of diet and exercise. If these measures fail to achieve glycemic goals, insulin should be initiated. Insulin analogs are more physiological than human insulin, and are associated with less risk of hypoglycemia, and may provide better glycemic control. Insulin lispro, aspart, and detemir are approved to be used in pregnancy. Insulin glargine is not approved in pregnancy, but the existing studies did not show any contraindications. The use of oral hypoglycemic agents; glyburide and metformin seems to be safe and effective in pregnancy.
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spelling pubmed-44044722015-04-28 Gestational diabetes mellitus Alfadhli, Eman M. Saudi Med J Review Article Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is the most common medical complication of pregnancy. It is associated with maternal and neonatal adverse outcomes. Maintaining adequate blood glucose levels in GDM reduces morbidity for both mother and baby. There is a lack of uniform strategies for screening and diagnosing GDM globally. This review covers the latest update in the diagnosis and management of GDM. The initial treatment of GDM consists of diet and exercise. If these measures fail to achieve glycemic goals, insulin should be initiated. Insulin analogs are more physiological than human insulin, and are associated with less risk of hypoglycemia, and may provide better glycemic control. Insulin lispro, aspart, and detemir are approved to be used in pregnancy. Insulin glargine is not approved in pregnancy, but the existing studies did not show any contraindications. The use of oral hypoglycemic agents; glyburide and metformin seems to be safe and effective in pregnancy. Saudi Medical Journal 2015 /pmc/articles/PMC4404472/ /pubmed/25828275 http://dx.doi.org/10.15537/smj.2015.4.10307 Text en Copyright: © Saudi Medical Journal http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0 This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 Unported, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review Article
Alfadhli, Eman M.
Gestational diabetes mellitus
title Gestational diabetes mellitus
title_full Gestational diabetes mellitus
title_fullStr Gestational diabetes mellitus
title_full_unstemmed Gestational diabetes mellitus
title_short Gestational diabetes mellitus
title_sort gestational diabetes mellitus
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4404472/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25828275
http://dx.doi.org/10.15537/smj.2015.4.10307
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