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Facing the River Gauntlet: Understanding the Effects of Fisheries Capture and Water Temperature on the Physiology of Coho Salmon

An improved understanding of bycatch mortality can be achieved by complementing field studies with laboratory experiments that use physiological assessments. This study examined the effects of water temperature and the duration of net entanglement on physiological disturbance and recovery in coho sa...

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Autores principales: Raby, Graham D., Clark, Timothy D., Farrell, Anthony P., Patterson, David A., Bett, Nolan N., Wilson, Samantha M., Willmore, William G., Suski, Cory D., Hinch, Scott G., Cooke, Steven J.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4406555/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25901952
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0124023
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author Raby, Graham D.
Clark, Timothy D.
Farrell, Anthony P.
Patterson, David A.
Bett, Nolan N.
Wilson, Samantha M.
Willmore, William G.
Suski, Cory D.
Hinch, Scott G.
Cooke, Steven J.
author_facet Raby, Graham D.
Clark, Timothy D.
Farrell, Anthony P.
Patterson, David A.
Bett, Nolan N.
Wilson, Samantha M.
Willmore, William G.
Suski, Cory D.
Hinch, Scott G.
Cooke, Steven J.
author_sort Raby, Graham D.
collection PubMed
description An improved understanding of bycatch mortality can be achieved by complementing field studies with laboratory experiments that use physiological assessments. This study examined the effects of water temperature and the duration of net entanglement on physiological disturbance and recovery in coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) after release from a simulated beach seine capture. Heart rate was monitored using implanted electrocardiogram biologgers that allowed fish to swim freely before and after release. A subset of fish was recovered in respirometers to monitor metabolic recovery, and separate groups of fish were sacrificed at different times to assess blood and white muscle biochemistry. One hour after release, fish had elevated lactate in muscle and blood plasma, depleted tissue energy stores, and altered osmoregulatory status, particularly in warmer (15 vs. 10°C) and longer (15 vs. 2 min) capture treatments. A significant effect of entanglement duration on blood and muscle metabolites remained after 4 h. Oxygen consumption rate recovered to baseline within 7–10 h. However, recovery of heart rate to routine levels was longer and more variable, with most fish taking over 10 h, and 33% of fish failing to recover within 24 h. There were no significant treatment effects on either oxygen consumption or heart rate recovery. Our results indicate that fishers should minimize handling time for bycatch and maximize oxygen supply during crowding, especially when temperatures are elevated. Physiological data, such as those presented here, can be used to understand mechanisms that underlie bycatch impairment and mortality, and thus inform best practices that ensure the welfare and conservation of affected species.
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spelling pubmed-44065552015-05-07 Facing the River Gauntlet: Understanding the Effects of Fisheries Capture and Water Temperature on the Physiology of Coho Salmon Raby, Graham D. Clark, Timothy D. Farrell, Anthony P. Patterson, David A. Bett, Nolan N. Wilson, Samantha M. Willmore, William G. Suski, Cory D. Hinch, Scott G. Cooke, Steven J. PLoS One Research Article An improved understanding of bycatch mortality can be achieved by complementing field studies with laboratory experiments that use physiological assessments. This study examined the effects of water temperature and the duration of net entanglement on physiological disturbance and recovery in coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) after release from a simulated beach seine capture. Heart rate was monitored using implanted electrocardiogram biologgers that allowed fish to swim freely before and after release. A subset of fish was recovered in respirometers to monitor metabolic recovery, and separate groups of fish were sacrificed at different times to assess blood and white muscle biochemistry. One hour after release, fish had elevated lactate in muscle and blood plasma, depleted tissue energy stores, and altered osmoregulatory status, particularly in warmer (15 vs. 10°C) and longer (15 vs. 2 min) capture treatments. A significant effect of entanglement duration on blood and muscle metabolites remained after 4 h. Oxygen consumption rate recovered to baseline within 7–10 h. However, recovery of heart rate to routine levels was longer and more variable, with most fish taking over 10 h, and 33% of fish failing to recover within 24 h. There were no significant treatment effects on either oxygen consumption or heart rate recovery. Our results indicate that fishers should minimize handling time for bycatch and maximize oxygen supply during crowding, especially when temperatures are elevated. Physiological data, such as those presented here, can be used to understand mechanisms that underlie bycatch impairment and mortality, and thus inform best practices that ensure the welfare and conservation of affected species. Public Library of Science 2015-04-22 /pmc/articles/PMC4406555/ /pubmed/25901952 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0124023 Text en © 2015 Raby et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Raby, Graham D.
Clark, Timothy D.
Farrell, Anthony P.
Patterson, David A.
Bett, Nolan N.
Wilson, Samantha M.
Willmore, William G.
Suski, Cory D.
Hinch, Scott G.
Cooke, Steven J.
Facing the River Gauntlet: Understanding the Effects of Fisheries Capture and Water Temperature on the Physiology of Coho Salmon
title Facing the River Gauntlet: Understanding the Effects of Fisheries Capture and Water Temperature on the Physiology of Coho Salmon
title_full Facing the River Gauntlet: Understanding the Effects of Fisheries Capture and Water Temperature on the Physiology of Coho Salmon
title_fullStr Facing the River Gauntlet: Understanding the Effects of Fisheries Capture and Water Temperature on the Physiology of Coho Salmon
title_full_unstemmed Facing the River Gauntlet: Understanding the Effects of Fisheries Capture and Water Temperature on the Physiology of Coho Salmon
title_short Facing the River Gauntlet: Understanding the Effects of Fisheries Capture and Water Temperature on the Physiology of Coho Salmon
title_sort facing the river gauntlet: understanding the effects of fisheries capture and water temperature on the physiology of coho salmon
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4406555/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25901952
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0124023
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