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Rapid Assessment of Visual Impairment in Urban Population of Delhi, India

PURPOSE: To determine the prevalence, causes and associated demographic factors related to visual impairment amongst the urban population of New Delhi, India. METHODS: A population-based, cross-sectional study was conducted in East Delhi district using cluster random sampling methodology. This Rapid...

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Autores principales: Gupta, Noopur, Vashist, Praveen, Malhotra, Sumit, Senjam, Suraj Singh, Misra, Vasundhara, Bhardwaj, Amit
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4411096/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25915659
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0124206
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author Gupta, Noopur
Vashist, Praveen
Malhotra, Sumit
Senjam, Suraj Singh
Misra, Vasundhara
Bhardwaj, Amit
author_facet Gupta, Noopur
Vashist, Praveen
Malhotra, Sumit
Senjam, Suraj Singh
Misra, Vasundhara
Bhardwaj, Amit
author_sort Gupta, Noopur
collection PubMed
description PURPOSE: To determine the prevalence, causes and associated demographic factors related to visual impairment amongst the urban population of New Delhi, India. METHODS: A population-based, cross-sectional study was conducted in East Delhi district using cluster random sampling methodology. This Rapid Assessment of Visual Impairment (RAVI) survey involved examination of all individuals aged 40 years and above in 24 randomly selected clusters of the district. Visual acuity (VA) assessment and comprehensive ocular examination were done during the door-to-door survey. A questionnaire was used to collect personal and demographic information of the study population. Blindness and Visual Impairment was defined as presenting VA <3/60and <6/18 in the better eye, respectively. Descriptive statistics were computed along with multivariable logistic regression analysis to determine associated factors for visual impairment. RESULTS: Of 2421 subjects enumerated, 2331 (96.3%) were available for ophthalmic examination. Among those examined, 49.3% were males. The prevalence of visual impairment (VI) in the study population, was 11.4% (95% C.I. 10.1, 12.7) and that of blindness was 1.2% (95% C.I. 0.8, 1.6). Uncorrected refractive error was the leading cause of VI accounting for 53.4% of all VI followed by cataract (33.8%). With multivariable logistic regression, the odds of having VI increased with age (OR= 24.6[95% C.I.: 14.9, 40.7]; p<0.001). Illiterate participants were more likely to have VI [OR= 1.5 (95% C.I.: 1.1,2.1)] when compared to educated participants. CONCLUSIONS: The first implementation of the RAVI methodology in a North Indian population revealed that the burden of visual impairment is considerable in this region despite availability of adequate eye care facilities. Awareness generation and simple interventions like cataract surgery and provision of spectacles will help to eliminate the major causes of blindness and visual impairment in this region.
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spelling pubmed-44110962015-05-07 Rapid Assessment of Visual Impairment in Urban Population of Delhi, India Gupta, Noopur Vashist, Praveen Malhotra, Sumit Senjam, Suraj Singh Misra, Vasundhara Bhardwaj, Amit PLoS One Research Article PURPOSE: To determine the prevalence, causes and associated demographic factors related to visual impairment amongst the urban population of New Delhi, India. METHODS: A population-based, cross-sectional study was conducted in East Delhi district using cluster random sampling methodology. This Rapid Assessment of Visual Impairment (RAVI) survey involved examination of all individuals aged 40 years and above in 24 randomly selected clusters of the district. Visual acuity (VA) assessment and comprehensive ocular examination were done during the door-to-door survey. A questionnaire was used to collect personal and demographic information of the study population. Blindness and Visual Impairment was defined as presenting VA <3/60and <6/18 in the better eye, respectively. Descriptive statistics were computed along with multivariable logistic regression analysis to determine associated factors for visual impairment. RESULTS: Of 2421 subjects enumerated, 2331 (96.3%) were available for ophthalmic examination. Among those examined, 49.3% were males. The prevalence of visual impairment (VI) in the study population, was 11.4% (95% C.I. 10.1, 12.7) and that of blindness was 1.2% (95% C.I. 0.8, 1.6). Uncorrected refractive error was the leading cause of VI accounting for 53.4% of all VI followed by cataract (33.8%). With multivariable logistic regression, the odds of having VI increased with age (OR= 24.6[95% C.I.: 14.9, 40.7]; p<0.001). Illiterate participants were more likely to have VI [OR= 1.5 (95% C.I.: 1.1,2.1)] when compared to educated participants. CONCLUSIONS: The first implementation of the RAVI methodology in a North Indian population revealed that the burden of visual impairment is considerable in this region despite availability of adequate eye care facilities. Awareness generation and simple interventions like cataract surgery and provision of spectacles will help to eliminate the major causes of blindness and visual impairment in this region. Public Library of Science 2015-04-27 /pmc/articles/PMC4411096/ /pubmed/25915659 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0124206 Text en © 2015 Gupta et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Gupta, Noopur
Vashist, Praveen
Malhotra, Sumit
Senjam, Suraj Singh
Misra, Vasundhara
Bhardwaj, Amit
Rapid Assessment of Visual Impairment in Urban Population of Delhi, India
title Rapid Assessment of Visual Impairment in Urban Population of Delhi, India
title_full Rapid Assessment of Visual Impairment in Urban Population of Delhi, India
title_fullStr Rapid Assessment of Visual Impairment in Urban Population of Delhi, India
title_full_unstemmed Rapid Assessment of Visual Impairment in Urban Population of Delhi, India
title_short Rapid Assessment of Visual Impairment in Urban Population of Delhi, India
title_sort rapid assessment of visual impairment in urban population of delhi, india
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4411096/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25915659
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0124206
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