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The Accuracy of a Method for Printing Three-Dimensional Spinal Models

BACKGROUND: To study the morphology of the human spine and new spinal fixation methods, scientists require cadaveric specimens, which are dependent on donation. However, in most countries, the number of people willing to donate their body is low. A 3D printed model could be an alternative method for...

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Autores principales: Wu, Ai-Min, Shao, Zhen-Xuan, Wang, Jian-Shun, Yang, Xin-Dong, Weng, Wan-Qing, Wang, Xiang-Yang, Xu, Hua-Zi, Chi, Yong-Long, Lin, Zhong-Ke
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4411119/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25915641
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0124291
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author Wu, Ai-Min
Shao, Zhen-Xuan
Wang, Jian-Shun
Yang, Xin-Dong
Weng, Wan-Qing
Wang, Xiang-Yang
Xu, Hua-Zi
Chi, Yong-Long
Lin, Zhong-Ke
author_facet Wu, Ai-Min
Shao, Zhen-Xuan
Wang, Jian-Shun
Yang, Xin-Dong
Weng, Wan-Qing
Wang, Xiang-Yang
Xu, Hua-Zi
Chi, Yong-Long
Lin, Zhong-Ke
author_sort Wu, Ai-Min
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: To study the morphology of the human spine and new spinal fixation methods, scientists require cadaveric specimens, which are dependent on donation. However, in most countries, the number of people willing to donate their body is low. A 3D printed model could be an alternative method for morphology research, but the accuracy of the morphology of a 3D printed model has not been determined. METHODS: Forty-five computed tomography (CT) scans of cervical, thoracic and lumbar spines were obtained, and 44 parameters of the cervical spine, 120 parameters of the thoracic spine, and 50 parameters of the lumbar spine were measured. The CT scan data in DICOM format were imported into Mimics software v10.01 for 3D reconstruction, and the data were saved in .STL format and imported to Cura software. After a 3D digital model was formed, it was saved in Gcode format and exported to a 3D printer for printing. After the 3D printed models were obtained, the above-referenced parameters were measured again. RESULTS: Paired t-tests were used to determine the significance, set to P<0.05, of all parameter data from the radiographic images and 3D printed models. Furthermore, 88.6% of all parameters of the cervical spine, 90% of all parameters of the thoracic spine, and 94% of all parameters of the lumbar spine had Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) values >0.800. The other ICC values were <0.800 and >0.600; none were <0.600. CONCLUSION: In this study, we provide a protocol for printing accurate 3D spinal models for surgeons and researchers. The resulting 3D printed model is inexpensive and easily obtained for spinal fixation research.
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spelling pubmed-44111192015-05-07 The Accuracy of a Method for Printing Three-Dimensional Spinal Models Wu, Ai-Min Shao, Zhen-Xuan Wang, Jian-Shun Yang, Xin-Dong Weng, Wan-Qing Wang, Xiang-Yang Xu, Hua-Zi Chi, Yong-Long Lin, Zhong-Ke PLoS One Research Article BACKGROUND: To study the morphology of the human spine and new spinal fixation methods, scientists require cadaveric specimens, which are dependent on donation. However, in most countries, the number of people willing to donate their body is low. A 3D printed model could be an alternative method for morphology research, but the accuracy of the morphology of a 3D printed model has not been determined. METHODS: Forty-five computed tomography (CT) scans of cervical, thoracic and lumbar spines were obtained, and 44 parameters of the cervical spine, 120 parameters of the thoracic spine, and 50 parameters of the lumbar spine were measured. The CT scan data in DICOM format were imported into Mimics software v10.01 for 3D reconstruction, and the data were saved in .STL format and imported to Cura software. After a 3D digital model was formed, it was saved in Gcode format and exported to a 3D printer for printing. After the 3D printed models were obtained, the above-referenced parameters were measured again. RESULTS: Paired t-tests were used to determine the significance, set to P<0.05, of all parameter data from the radiographic images and 3D printed models. Furthermore, 88.6% of all parameters of the cervical spine, 90% of all parameters of the thoracic spine, and 94% of all parameters of the lumbar spine had Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) values >0.800. The other ICC values were <0.800 and >0.600; none were <0.600. CONCLUSION: In this study, we provide a protocol for printing accurate 3D spinal models for surgeons and researchers. The resulting 3D printed model is inexpensive and easily obtained for spinal fixation research. Public Library of Science 2015-04-27 /pmc/articles/PMC4411119/ /pubmed/25915641 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0124291 Text en © 2015 Wu et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Wu, Ai-Min
Shao, Zhen-Xuan
Wang, Jian-Shun
Yang, Xin-Dong
Weng, Wan-Qing
Wang, Xiang-Yang
Xu, Hua-Zi
Chi, Yong-Long
Lin, Zhong-Ke
The Accuracy of a Method for Printing Three-Dimensional Spinal Models
title The Accuracy of a Method for Printing Three-Dimensional Spinal Models
title_full The Accuracy of a Method for Printing Three-Dimensional Spinal Models
title_fullStr The Accuracy of a Method for Printing Three-Dimensional Spinal Models
title_full_unstemmed The Accuracy of a Method for Printing Three-Dimensional Spinal Models
title_short The Accuracy of a Method for Printing Three-Dimensional Spinal Models
title_sort accuracy of a method for printing three-dimensional spinal models
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4411119/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25915641
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0124291
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