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Blastocystis Isolates from Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome and from Asymptomatic Carriers Exhibit Similar Parasitological Loads, but Significantly Different Generation Times and Genetic Variability across Multiple Subtypes
Blastocystis spp is a common intestinal parasite of humans and animals that has been associated to the etiology of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS); however, some studies have not found this association. Furthermore, many biological features of Blastocystis are little known. The objective of present s...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2015
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4414267/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25923708 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0124006 |
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author | Vargas-Sanchez, Gie-Bele Romero-Valdovinos, Mirza Ramirez-Guerrero, Celedonio Vargas-Hernandez, Ines Ramirez-Miranda, Maria Elena Martinez-Ocaña, Joel Valadez, Alicia Ximenez, Cecilia Lopez-Escamilla, Eduardo Hernandez-Campos, Maria Elena Villalobos, Guiehdani Martinez-Hernandez, Fernando Maravilla, Pablo |
author_facet | Vargas-Sanchez, Gie-Bele Romero-Valdovinos, Mirza Ramirez-Guerrero, Celedonio Vargas-Hernandez, Ines Ramirez-Miranda, Maria Elena Martinez-Ocaña, Joel Valadez, Alicia Ximenez, Cecilia Lopez-Escamilla, Eduardo Hernandez-Campos, Maria Elena Villalobos, Guiehdani Martinez-Hernandez, Fernando Maravilla, Pablo |
author_sort | Vargas-Sanchez, Gie-Bele |
collection | PubMed |
description | Blastocystis spp is a common intestinal parasite of humans and animals that has been associated to the etiology of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS); however, some studies have not found this association. Furthermore, many biological features of Blastocystis are little known. The objective of present study was to assess the generation times of Blastocystis cultures, from IBS patients and from asymptomatic carriers. A total of 100 isolates were obtained from 50 IBS patients and from 50 asymptomatic carriers. Up to 50 mg of feces from each participant were cultured in Barret’s and in Pavlova’s media during 48 h. Initial and final parasitological load were measured by microscopy and by quantitative PCR. Amplicons were purified, sequenced and submitted to GenBank; sequences were analysed for genetic diversity and a Bayesian inference allowed identifying genetic subtypes (ST). Generation times for Blastocystis isolates in both media, based on microscopic measures and molecular assays, were calculated. The clinical symptoms of IBS patients and distribution of Blastocystis ST 1, 2 and 3 in both groups was comparable to previous reports. Interestingly, the group of cases showed scarce mean nucleotide diversity (π) as compared to the control group (0.011±0.016 and 0.118±0.177, respectively), whilst high gene flow and small genetic differentiation indexes between different ST were found. Besides, Tajima’s D test showed negative values for ST1-ST3. No statistical differences regarding parasitological load between cases and controls in both media, as searched by microscopy and by qPCR, were detected except that parasites grew faster in Barret’s than in Pavlova’s medium. Interestingly, slow growth of isolates recovered from cases in comparison to those of controls was observed (p<0.05). We propose that generation times of Blastocystis might be easily affected by intestinal environmental changes due to IBS probably because virulent strains with slow growth may be selected, reducing their genetic variability. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4414267 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2015 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-44142672015-05-07 Blastocystis Isolates from Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome and from Asymptomatic Carriers Exhibit Similar Parasitological Loads, but Significantly Different Generation Times and Genetic Variability across Multiple Subtypes Vargas-Sanchez, Gie-Bele Romero-Valdovinos, Mirza Ramirez-Guerrero, Celedonio Vargas-Hernandez, Ines Ramirez-Miranda, Maria Elena Martinez-Ocaña, Joel Valadez, Alicia Ximenez, Cecilia Lopez-Escamilla, Eduardo Hernandez-Campos, Maria Elena Villalobos, Guiehdani Martinez-Hernandez, Fernando Maravilla, Pablo PLoS One Research Article Blastocystis spp is a common intestinal parasite of humans and animals that has been associated to the etiology of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS); however, some studies have not found this association. Furthermore, many biological features of Blastocystis are little known. The objective of present study was to assess the generation times of Blastocystis cultures, from IBS patients and from asymptomatic carriers. A total of 100 isolates were obtained from 50 IBS patients and from 50 asymptomatic carriers. Up to 50 mg of feces from each participant were cultured in Barret’s and in Pavlova’s media during 48 h. Initial and final parasitological load were measured by microscopy and by quantitative PCR. Amplicons were purified, sequenced and submitted to GenBank; sequences were analysed for genetic diversity and a Bayesian inference allowed identifying genetic subtypes (ST). Generation times for Blastocystis isolates in both media, based on microscopic measures and molecular assays, were calculated. The clinical symptoms of IBS patients and distribution of Blastocystis ST 1, 2 and 3 in both groups was comparable to previous reports. Interestingly, the group of cases showed scarce mean nucleotide diversity (π) as compared to the control group (0.011±0.016 and 0.118±0.177, respectively), whilst high gene flow and small genetic differentiation indexes between different ST were found. Besides, Tajima’s D test showed negative values for ST1-ST3. No statistical differences regarding parasitological load between cases and controls in both media, as searched by microscopy and by qPCR, were detected except that parasites grew faster in Barret’s than in Pavlova’s medium. Interestingly, slow growth of isolates recovered from cases in comparison to those of controls was observed (p<0.05). We propose that generation times of Blastocystis might be easily affected by intestinal environmental changes due to IBS probably because virulent strains with slow growth may be selected, reducing their genetic variability. Public Library of Science 2015-04-29 /pmc/articles/PMC4414267/ /pubmed/25923708 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0124006 Text en © 2015 Vargas-Sanchez et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Vargas-Sanchez, Gie-Bele Romero-Valdovinos, Mirza Ramirez-Guerrero, Celedonio Vargas-Hernandez, Ines Ramirez-Miranda, Maria Elena Martinez-Ocaña, Joel Valadez, Alicia Ximenez, Cecilia Lopez-Escamilla, Eduardo Hernandez-Campos, Maria Elena Villalobos, Guiehdani Martinez-Hernandez, Fernando Maravilla, Pablo Blastocystis Isolates from Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome and from Asymptomatic Carriers Exhibit Similar Parasitological Loads, but Significantly Different Generation Times and Genetic Variability across Multiple Subtypes |
title |
Blastocystis Isolates from Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome and from Asymptomatic Carriers Exhibit Similar Parasitological Loads, but Significantly Different Generation Times and Genetic Variability across Multiple Subtypes |
title_full |
Blastocystis Isolates from Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome and from Asymptomatic Carriers Exhibit Similar Parasitological Loads, but Significantly Different Generation Times and Genetic Variability across Multiple Subtypes |
title_fullStr |
Blastocystis Isolates from Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome and from Asymptomatic Carriers Exhibit Similar Parasitological Loads, but Significantly Different Generation Times and Genetic Variability across Multiple Subtypes |
title_full_unstemmed |
Blastocystis Isolates from Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome and from Asymptomatic Carriers Exhibit Similar Parasitological Loads, but Significantly Different Generation Times and Genetic Variability across Multiple Subtypes |
title_short |
Blastocystis Isolates from Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome and from Asymptomatic Carriers Exhibit Similar Parasitological Loads, but Significantly Different Generation Times and Genetic Variability across Multiple Subtypes |
title_sort | blastocystis isolates from patients with irritable bowel syndrome and from asymptomatic carriers exhibit similar parasitological loads, but significantly different generation times and genetic variability across multiple subtypes |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4414267/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25923708 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0124006 |
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