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Omega-3 fatty acids for breast cancer prevention and survivorship

Women with evidence of high intake ratios of the marine omega-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) relative to the omega-6 arachidonic acid have been found to have a reduced risk of breast cancer compared with those with low ratios in some but not all case–control...

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Autores principales: Fabian, Carol J, Kimler, Bruce F, Hursting, Stephen D
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4418048/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25936773
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13058-015-0571-6
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author Fabian, Carol J
Kimler, Bruce F
Hursting, Stephen D
author_facet Fabian, Carol J
Kimler, Bruce F
Hursting, Stephen D
author_sort Fabian, Carol J
collection PubMed
description Women with evidence of high intake ratios of the marine omega-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) relative to the omega-6 arachidonic acid have been found to have a reduced risk of breast cancer compared with those with low ratios in some but not all case–control and cohort studies. If increasing EPA and DHA relative to arachidonic acid is effective in reducing breast cancer risk, likely mechanisms include reduction in proinflammatory lipid derivatives, inhibition of nuclear factor-κB-induced cytokine production, and decreased growth factor receptor signaling as a result of alteration in membrane lipid rafts. Primary prevention trials with either risk biomarkers or cancer incidence as endpoints are underway but final results of these trials are currently unavailable. EPA and DHA supplementation is also being explored in an effort to help prevent or alleviate common problems after a breast cancer diagnosis, including cardiac and cognitive dysfunction and chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy. The insulin-sensitizing and anabolic properties of EPA and DHA also suggest supplementation studies to determine whether these omega-3 fatty acids might reduce chemotherapy-associated loss of muscle mass and weight gain. We will briefly review relevant omega-3 fatty acid metabolism, and early investigations in breast cancer prevention and survivorship.
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spelling pubmed-44180482015-05-05 Omega-3 fatty acids for breast cancer prevention and survivorship Fabian, Carol J Kimler, Bruce F Hursting, Stephen D Breast Cancer Res Review Women with evidence of high intake ratios of the marine omega-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) relative to the omega-6 arachidonic acid have been found to have a reduced risk of breast cancer compared with those with low ratios in some but not all case–control and cohort studies. If increasing EPA and DHA relative to arachidonic acid is effective in reducing breast cancer risk, likely mechanisms include reduction in proinflammatory lipid derivatives, inhibition of nuclear factor-κB-induced cytokine production, and decreased growth factor receptor signaling as a result of alteration in membrane lipid rafts. Primary prevention trials with either risk biomarkers or cancer incidence as endpoints are underway but final results of these trials are currently unavailable. EPA and DHA supplementation is also being explored in an effort to help prevent or alleviate common problems after a breast cancer diagnosis, including cardiac and cognitive dysfunction and chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy. The insulin-sensitizing and anabolic properties of EPA and DHA also suggest supplementation studies to determine whether these omega-3 fatty acids might reduce chemotherapy-associated loss of muscle mass and weight gain. We will briefly review relevant omega-3 fatty acid metabolism, and early investigations in breast cancer prevention and survivorship. BioMed Central 2015-05-04 2015 /pmc/articles/PMC4418048/ /pubmed/25936773 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13058-015-0571-6 Text en © Fabian et al.; licensee BioMed Central. 2015 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
spellingShingle Review
Fabian, Carol J
Kimler, Bruce F
Hursting, Stephen D
Omega-3 fatty acids for breast cancer prevention and survivorship
title Omega-3 fatty acids for breast cancer prevention and survivorship
title_full Omega-3 fatty acids for breast cancer prevention and survivorship
title_fullStr Omega-3 fatty acids for breast cancer prevention and survivorship
title_full_unstemmed Omega-3 fatty acids for breast cancer prevention and survivorship
title_short Omega-3 fatty acids for breast cancer prevention and survivorship
title_sort omega-3 fatty acids for breast cancer prevention and survivorship
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4418048/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25936773
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13058-015-0571-6
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