Cargando…

Glutathione S-Transferase (GST) Gene Diversity in the Crustacean Calanus finmarchicus – Contributors to Cellular Detoxification

Detoxification is a fundamental cellular stress defense mechanism, which allows an organism to survive or even thrive in the presence of environmental toxins and/or pollutants. The glutathione S-transferase (GST) superfamily is a set of enzymes involved in the detoxification process. This highly div...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Roncalli, Vittoria, Cieslak, Matthew C., Passamaneck, Yale, Christie, Andrew E., Lenz, Petra H.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4422733/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25945801
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0123322
_version_ 1782370105685966848
author Roncalli, Vittoria
Cieslak, Matthew C.
Passamaneck, Yale
Christie, Andrew E.
Lenz, Petra H.
author_facet Roncalli, Vittoria
Cieslak, Matthew C.
Passamaneck, Yale
Christie, Andrew E.
Lenz, Petra H.
author_sort Roncalli, Vittoria
collection PubMed
description Detoxification is a fundamental cellular stress defense mechanism, which allows an organism to survive or even thrive in the presence of environmental toxins and/or pollutants. The glutathione S-transferase (GST) superfamily is a set of enzymes involved in the detoxification process. This highly diverse protein superfamily is characterized by multiple gene duplications, with over 40 GST genes reported in some insects. However, less is known about the GST superfamily in marine organisms, including crustaceans. The availability of two de novo transcriptomes for the copepod, Calanus finmarchicus, provided an opportunity for an in depth study of the GST superfamily in a marine crustacean. The transcriptomes were searched for putative GST-encoding transcripts using known GST proteins from three arthropods as queries. The identified transcripts were then translated into proteins, analyzed for structural domains, and annotated using reciprocal BLAST analysis. Mining the two transcriptomes yielded a total of 41 predicted GST proteins belonging to the cytosolic, mitochondrial or microsomal classes. Phylogenetic analysis of the cytosolic GSTs validated their annotation into six different subclasses. The predicted proteins are likely to represent the products of distinct genes, suggesting that the diversity of GSTs in C. finmarchicus exceeds or rivals that described for insects. Analysis of relative gene expression in different developmental stages indicated low levels of GST expression in embryos, and relatively high expression in late copepodites and adult females for several cytosolic GSTs. A diverse diet and complex life history are factors that might be driving the multiplicity of GSTs in C. finmarchicus, as this copepod is commonly exposed to a variety of natural toxins. Hence, diversity in detoxification pathway proteins may well be key to their survival.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-4422733
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2015
publisher Public Library of Science
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-44227332015-05-12 Glutathione S-Transferase (GST) Gene Diversity in the Crustacean Calanus finmarchicus – Contributors to Cellular Detoxification Roncalli, Vittoria Cieslak, Matthew C. Passamaneck, Yale Christie, Andrew E. Lenz, Petra H. PLoS One Research Article Detoxification is a fundamental cellular stress defense mechanism, which allows an organism to survive or even thrive in the presence of environmental toxins and/or pollutants. The glutathione S-transferase (GST) superfamily is a set of enzymes involved in the detoxification process. This highly diverse protein superfamily is characterized by multiple gene duplications, with over 40 GST genes reported in some insects. However, less is known about the GST superfamily in marine organisms, including crustaceans. The availability of two de novo transcriptomes for the copepod, Calanus finmarchicus, provided an opportunity for an in depth study of the GST superfamily in a marine crustacean. The transcriptomes were searched for putative GST-encoding transcripts using known GST proteins from three arthropods as queries. The identified transcripts were then translated into proteins, analyzed for structural domains, and annotated using reciprocal BLAST analysis. Mining the two transcriptomes yielded a total of 41 predicted GST proteins belonging to the cytosolic, mitochondrial or microsomal classes. Phylogenetic analysis of the cytosolic GSTs validated their annotation into six different subclasses. The predicted proteins are likely to represent the products of distinct genes, suggesting that the diversity of GSTs in C. finmarchicus exceeds or rivals that described for insects. Analysis of relative gene expression in different developmental stages indicated low levels of GST expression in embryos, and relatively high expression in late copepodites and adult females for several cytosolic GSTs. A diverse diet and complex life history are factors that might be driving the multiplicity of GSTs in C. finmarchicus, as this copepod is commonly exposed to a variety of natural toxins. Hence, diversity in detoxification pathway proteins may well be key to their survival. Public Library of Science 2015-05-06 /pmc/articles/PMC4422733/ /pubmed/25945801 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0123322 Text en © 2015 Roncalli et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Roncalli, Vittoria
Cieslak, Matthew C.
Passamaneck, Yale
Christie, Andrew E.
Lenz, Petra H.
Glutathione S-Transferase (GST) Gene Diversity in the Crustacean Calanus finmarchicus – Contributors to Cellular Detoxification
title Glutathione S-Transferase (GST) Gene Diversity in the Crustacean Calanus finmarchicus – Contributors to Cellular Detoxification
title_full Glutathione S-Transferase (GST) Gene Diversity in the Crustacean Calanus finmarchicus – Contributors to Cellular Detoxification
title_fullStr Glutathione S-Transferase (GST) Gene Diversity in the Crustacean Calanus finmarchicus – Contributors to Cellular Detoxification
title_full_unstemmed Glutathione S-Transferase (GST) Gene Diversity in the Crustacean Calanus finmarchicus – Contributors to Cellular Detoxification
title_short Glutathione S-Transferase (GST) Gene Diversity in the Crustacean Calanus finmarchicus – Contributors to Cellular Detoxification
title_sort glutathione s-transferase (gst) gene diversity in the crustacean calanus finmarchicus – contributors to cellular detoxification
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4422733/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25945801
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0123322
work_keys_str_mv AT roncallivittoria glutathionestransferasegstgenediversityinthecrustaceancalanusfinmarchicuscontributorstocellulardetoxification
AT cieslakmatthewc glutathionestransferasegstgenediversityinthecrustaceancalanusfinmarchicuscontributorstocellulardetoxification
AT passamaneckyale glutathionestransferasegstgenediversityinthecrustaceancalanusfinmarchicuscontributorstocellulardetoxification
AT christieandrewe glutathionestransferasegstgenediversityinthecrustaceancalanusfinmarchicuscontributorstocellulardetoxification
AT lenzpetrah glutathionestransferasegstgenediversityinthecrustaceancalanusfinmarchicuscontributorstocellulardetoxification