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Cigarette smoking worsens systemic inflammation in persons with metabolic syndrome

BACKGROUND: Emerging data suggests that the combination of smoking and metabolic syndrome (MetS) markedly increases cardiovascular disease risk well beyond that of either condition. In this study we assess if this interaction can be explained by an additive increase in the risk of systemic inflammat...

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Autores principales: Jamal, Omar, Aneni, Ehimen C, Shaharyar, Sameer, Ali, Shozab S, Parris, Don, McEvoy, John W, Veledar, Emir, Blaha, Michael J, Blumenthal, Roger S, Agatston, Arthur S, Conceição, Raquel D, Feldman, Theodore, Carvalho, Jose A, Santos, Raul D, Nasir, Khurram
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2014
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4424791/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25960769
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1758-5996-6-79
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author Jamal, Omar
Aneni, Ehimen C
Shaharyar, Sameer
Ali, Shozab S
Parris, Don
McEvoy, John W
Veledar, Emir
Blaha, Michael J
Blumenthal, Roger S
Agatston, Arthur S
Conceição, Raquel D
Feldman, Theodore
Carvalho, Jose A
Santos, Raul D
Nasir, Khurram
author_facet Jamal, Omar
Aneni, Ehimen C
Shaharyar, Sameer
Ali, Shozab S
Parris, Don
McEvoy, John W
Veledar, Emir
Blaha, Michael J
Blumenthal, Roger S
Agatston, Arthur S
Conceição, Raquel D
Feldman, Theodore
Carvalho, Jose A
Santos, Raul D
Nasir, Khurram
author_sort Jamal, Omar
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Emerging data suggests that the combination of smoking and metabolic syndrome (MetS) markedly increases cardiovascular disease risk well beyond that of either condition. In this study we assess if this interaction can be explained by an additive increase in the risk of systemic inflammation by MetS and cigarette smoking. METHODS: We evaluated 5,503 healthy non-diabetic Brazilian subjects (mean age of 43 ± 10 years, 79% males). Participants were divided into sub-groups of smokers and non-smokers with or without MetS. High-sensitivity C reactive protein (hs-CRP) was measured to assess degree of underlying inflammation. RESULTS: Overall (19%) had hs-CRP > 3 mg/L. In adjusted regression analyses, compared to non-smokers, there was a 0.19 mg/L (95% CI: 0.05, 0.32) increase in hs-CRP among smokers in the entire population and 0.63 mg/L (95% CI: 0.26, 1.01) increase among smokers with MetS while there was no significant increase among smokers without MetS (β = 0.09 95% CI: -0.05, 0.24). In a fully adjusted logistic regression model, smokers compared to non-smokers were 55% more likely to have elevated hs-CRP in the entire population (OR 1.55, 95% CI: 1.25, 1.92) and more than twice as likely to have elevated hs-CRP if they had MetS ( OR 2.05, 95% CI: 1.40, 3.01) while the risk was non-significant among those without MetS (OR = 1.29, 95% CI: 0.98, 1.69). CONCLUSION: The study demonstrates an additive effect of cigarette smoking on the risk of systemic inflammation in MetS thus highlighting the need for determining smoking status among those with MetS and aggressively targeting smoking cessation in this population.
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spelling pubmed-44247912015-05-09 Cigarette smoking worsens systemic inflammation in persons with metabolic syndrome Jamal, Omar Aneni, Ehimen C Shaharyar, Sameer Ali, Shozab S Parris, Don McEvoy, John W Veledar, Emir Blaha, Michael J Blumenthal, Roger S Agatston, Arthur S Conceição, Raquel D Feldman, Theodore Carvalho, Jose A Santos, Raul D Nasir, Khurram Diabetol Metab Syndr Research BACKGROUND: Emerging data suggests that the combination of smoking and metabolic syndrome (MetS) markedly increases cardiovascular disease risk well beyond that of either condition. In this study we assess if this interaction can be explained by an additive increase in the risk of systemic inflammation by MetS and cigarette smoking. METHODS: We evaluated 5,503 healthy non-diabetic Brazilian subjects (mean age of 43 ± 10 years, 79% males). Participants were divided into sub-groups of smokers and non-smokers with or without MetS. High-sensitivity C reactive protein (hs-CRP) was measured to assess degree of underlying inflammation. RESULTS: Overall (19%) had hs-CRP > 3 mg/L. In adjusted regression analyses, compared to non-smokers, there was a 0.19 mg/L (95% CI: 0.05, 0.32) increase in hs-CRP among smokers in the entire population and 0.63 mg/L (95% CI: 0.26, 1.01) increase among smokers with MetS while there was no significant increase among smokers without MetS (β = 0.09 95% CI: -0.05, 0.24). In a fully adjusted logistic regression model, smokers compared to non-smokers were 55% more likely to have elevated hs-CRP in the entire population (OR 1.55, 95% CI: 1.25, 1.92) and more than twice as likely to have elevated hs-CRP if they had MetS ( OR 2.05, 95% CI: 1.40, 3.01) while the risk was non-significant among those without MetS (OR = 1.29, 95% CI: 0.98, 1.69). CONCLUSION: The study demonstrates an additive effect of cigarette smoking on the risk of systemic inflammation in MetS thus highlighting the need for determining smoking status among those with MetS and aggressively targeting smoking cessation in this population. BioMed Central 2014-07-16 /pmc/articles/PMC4424791/ /pubmed/25960769 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1758-5996-6-79 Text en Copyright © 2014 Jamal et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
spellingShingle Research
Jamal, Omar
Aneni, Ehimen C
Shaharyar, Sameer
Ali, Shozab S
Parris, Don
McEvoy, John W
Veledar, Emir
Blaha, Michael J
Blumenthal, Roger S
Agatston, Arthur S
Conceição, Raquel D
Feldman, Theodore
Carvalho, Jose A
Santos, Raul D
Nasir, Khurram
Cigarette smoking worsens systemic inflammation in persons with metabolic syndrome
title Cigarette smoking worsens systemic inflammation in persons with metabolic syndrome
title_full Cigarette smoking worsens systemic inflammation in persons with metabolic syndrome
title_fullStr Cigarette smoking worsens systemic inflammation in persons with metabolic syndrome
title_full_unstemmed Cigarette smoking worsens systemic inflammation in persons with metabolic syndrome
title_short Cigarette smoking worsens systemic inflammation in persons with metabolic syndrome
title_sort cigarette smoking worsens systemic inflammation in persons with metabolic syndrome
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4424791/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25960769
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1758-5996-6-79
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