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Unique Features of High-Density Lipoproteins in the Japanese: In Population and in Genetic Factors

Despite its gradual increase in the past several decades, the prevalence of atherosclerotic vascular disease is low in Japan. This is largely attributed to difference in lifestyle, especially food and dietary habits, and it may be reflected in certain clinical parameters. Plasma high-density lipopro...

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Autor principal: Yokoyama, Shinji
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4425149/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25849946
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu7042359
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author Yokoyama, Shinji
author_facet Yokoyama, Shinji
author_sort Yokoyama, Shinji
collection PubMed
description Despite its gradual increase in the past several decades, the prevalence of atherosclerotic vascular disease is low in Japan. This is largely attributed to difference in lifestyle, especially food and dietary habits, and it may be reflected in certain clinical parameters. Plasma high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels, a strong counter risk for atherosclerosis, are indeed high among the Japanese. Accordingly, lower HDL seems to contribute more to the development of coronary heart disease (CHD) than an increase in non-HDL lipoproteins at a population level in Japan. Interestingly, average HDL levels in Japan have increased further in the past two decades, and are markedly higher than in Western populations. The reasons and consequences for public health of this increase are still unknown. Simulation for the efficacy of raising HDL cholesterol predicts a decrease in CHD of 70% in Japan, greater than the extent by reducing low-density lipoprotein cholesterol predicted by simulation or achieved in a statin trial. On the other hand, a substantial portion of hyperalphalipoproteinemic population in Japan is accounted for by genetic deficiency of cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP), which is also commonly unique in East Asian populations. It is still controversial whether CETP mutations are antiatherogenic. Hepatic Schistosomiasis is proposed as a potential screening factor for historic accumulation of CETP deficiency in East Asia.
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spelling pubmed-44251492015-05-11 Unique Features of High-Density Lipoproteins in the Japanese: In Population and in Genetic Factors Yokoyama, Shinji Nutrients Review Despite its gradual increase in the past several decades, the prevalence of atherosclerotic vascular disease is low in Japan. This is largely attributed to difference in lifestyle, especially food and dietary habits, and it may be reflected in certain clinical parameters. Plasma high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels, a strong counter risk for atherosclerosis, are indeed high among the Japanese. Accordingly, lower HDL seems to contribute more to the development of coronary heart disease (CHD) than an increase in non-HDL lipoproteins at a population level in Japan. Interestingly, average HDL levels in Japan have increased further in the past two decades, and are markedly higher than in Western populations. The reasons and consequences for public health of this increase are still unknown. Simulation for the efficacy of raising HDL cholesterol predicts a decrease in CHD of 70% in Japan, greater than the extent by reducing low-density lipoprotein cholesterol predicted by simulation or achieved in a statin trial. On the other hand, a substantial portion of hyperalphalipoproteinemic population in Japan is accounted for by genetic deficiency of cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP), which is also commonly unique in East Asian populations. It is still controversial whether CETP mutations are antiatherogenic. Hepatic Schistosomiasis is proposed as a potential screening factor for historic accumulation of CETP deficiency in East Asia. MDPI 2015-04-02 /pmc/articles/PMC4425149/ /pubmed/25849946 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu7042359 Text en © 2015 by the author; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Yokoyama, Shinji
Unique Features of High-Density Lipoproteins in the Japanese: In Population and in Genetic Factors
title Unique Features of High-Density Lipoproteins in the Japanese: In Population and in Genetic Factors
title_full Unique Features of High-Density Lipoproteins in the Japanese: In Population and in Genetic Factors
title_fullStr Unique Features of High-Density Lipoproteins in the Japanese: In Population and in Genetic Factors
title_full_unstemmed Unique Features of High-Density Lipoproteins in the Japanese: In Population and in Genetic Factors
title_short Unique Features of High-Density Lipoproteins in the Japanese: In Population and in Genetic Factors
title_sort unique features of high-density lipoproteins in the japanese: in population and in genetic factors
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4425149/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25849946
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu7042359
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