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Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis: A Search for Factual Animal Models

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is characterized by hepatic steatosis, which occurs in the absence of alcohol abuse. NAFLD can evolve into progressive liver injury and fibrosis in the form of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Several animal models have been developed to attempt to repres...

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Autores principales: Sanches, Sheila Cristina L., Ramalho, Leandra Naira Z., Augusto, Marlei Josiele, da Silva, Deisy Mara, Ramalho, Fernando Silva
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4433658/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26064924
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/574832
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author Sanches, Sheila Cristina L.
Ramalho, Leandra Naira Z.
Augusto, Marlei Josiele
da Silva, Deisy Mara
Ramalho, Fernando Silva
author_facet Sanches, Sheila Cristina L.
Ramalho, Leandra Naira Z.
Augusto, Marlei Josiele
da Silva, Deisy Mara
Ramalho, Fernando Silva
author_sort Sanches, Sheila Cristina L.
collection PubMed
description Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is characterized by hepatic steatosis, which occurs in the absence of alcohol abuse. NAFLD can evolve into progressive liver injury and fibrosis in the form of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Several animal models have been developed to attempt to represent the morphological, biochemical, and clinical features of human NASH. The actual review presents a critical analysis of the most commonly used experimental models of NAFLD/NASH development. These models can be classified into genetic, nutritional, and a combination of genetic and nutritional factors. The main genetic models are ob/ob and db/db mutant mice and Zucker rats. The principal nutritional models employ methionine- and choline-deficient, high-fat, high-cholesterol and high-cholate, cafeteria, and high-fructose diets. Currently, associations between high-fructose and various compositions of high-fat diets have been widely studied. Previous studies have encountered significant difficulties in developing animal models capable of reproducing human NASH. Some models produce consistent morphological findings, but the induction method differs significantly compared with the pathophysiology of human NASH. Other models precisely represent the clinical and etiological contexts of this disease but fail to provide accurate histopathological representations mainly in the progression from steatosis to liver fibrosis.
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spelling pubmed-44336582015-06-10 Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis: A Search for Factual Animal Models Sanches, Sheila Cristina L. Ramalho, Leandra Naira Z. Augusto, Marlei Josiele da Silva, Deisy Mara Ramalho, Fernando Silva Biomed Res Int Review Article Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is characterized by hepatic steatosis, which occurs in the absence of alcohol abuse. NAFLD can evolve into progressive liver injury and fibrosis in the form of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Several animal models have been developed to attempt to represent the morphological, biochemical, and clinical features of human NASH. The actual review presents a critical analysis of the most commonly used experimental models of NAFLD/NASH development. These models can be classified into genetic, nutritional, and a combination of genetic and nutritional factors. The main genetic models are ob/ob and db/db mutant mice and Zucker rats. The principal nutritional models employ methionine- and choline-deficient, high-fat, high-cholesterol and high-cholate, cafeteria, and high-fructose diets. Currently, associations between high-fructose and various compositions of high-fat diets have been widely studied. Previous studies have encountered significant difficulties in developing animal models capable of reproducing human NASH. Some models produce consistent morphological findings, but the induction method differs significantly compared with the pathophysiology of human NASH. Other models precisely represent the clinical and etiological contexts of this disease but fail to provide accurate histopathological representations mainly in the progression from steatosis to liver fibrosis. Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2015 2015-05-03 /pmc/articles/PMC4433658/ /pubmed/26064924 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/574832 Text en Copyright © 2015 Sheila Cristina L. Sanches et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review Article
Sanches, Sheila Cristina L.
Ramalho, Leandra Naira Z.
Augusto, Marlei Josiele
da Silva, Deisy Mara
Ramalho, Fernando Silva
Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis: A Search for Factual Animal Models
title Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis: A Search for Factual Animal Models
title_full Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis: A Search for Factual Animal Models
title_fullStr Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis: A Search for Factual Animal Models
title_full_unstemmed Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis: A Search for Factual Animal Models
title_short Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis: A Search for Factual Animal Models
title_sort nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: a search for factual animal models
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4433658/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26064924
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/574832
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