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Single- and Two-Phase Flow Characterization Using Optical Fiber Bragg Gratings
Single- and two-phase flow characterization using optical fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) is presented. The sensor unit consists of the optical fiber Bragg grating positioned transversely to the flow and fixed in the pipe walls. The hydrodynamic pressure applied by the liquid or air/liquid flow to the o...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2015
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4435170/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25789494 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s150306549 |
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author | Baroncini, Virgínia H.V. Martelli, Cicero da Silva, Marco José Morales, Rigoberto E.M. |
author_facet | Baroncini, Virgínia H.V. Martelli, Cicero da Silva, Marco José Morales, Rigoberto E.M. |
author_sort | Baroncini, Virgínia H.V. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Single- and two-phase flow characterization using optical fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) is presented. The sensor unit consists of the optical fiber Bragg grating positioned transversely to the flow and fixed in the pipe walls. The hydrodynamic pressure applied by the liquid or air/liquid flow to the optical fiber induces deformation that can be detected by the FBG. Given that the applied pressure is directly related to the mass flow, it is possible to establish a relationship using the grating resonance wavelength shift to determine the mass flow when the flow velocity is well known. For two phase flows of air and liquid, there is a significant change in the force applied to the fiber that accounts for the very distinct densities of these substances. As a consequence, the optical fiber deformation and the correspondent grating wavelength shift as a function of the flow will be very different for an air bubble or a liquid slug, allowing their detection as they flow through the pipe. A quasi-distributed sensing tool with 18 sensors evenly spread along the pipe is developed and characterized, making possible the characterization of the flow, as well as the tracking of the bubbles over a large section of the test bed. Results show good agreement with standard measurement methods and open up plenty of opportunities to both laboratory measurement tools and field applications. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4435170 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2015 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-44351702015-05-19 Single- and Two-Phase Flow Characterization Using Optical Fiber Bragg Gratings Baroncini, Virgínia H.V. Martelli, Cicero da Silva, Marco José Morales, Rigoberto E.M. Sensors (Basel) Article Single- and two-phase flow characterization using optical fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) is presented. The sensor unit consists of the optical fiber Bragg grating positioned transversely to the flow and fixed in the pipe walls. The hydrodynamic pressure applied by the liquid or air/liquid flow to the optical fiber induces deformation that can be detected by the FBG. Given that the applied pressure is directly related to the mass flow, it is possible to establish a relationship using the grating resonance wavelength shift to determine the mass flow when the flow velocity is well known. For two phase flows of air and liquid, there is a significant change in the force applied to the fiber that accounts for the very distinct densities of these substances. As a consequence, the optical fiber deformation and the correspondent grating wavelength shift as a function of the flow will be very different for an air bubble or a liquid slug, allowing their detection as they flow through the pipe. A quasi-distributed sensing tool with 18 sensors evenly spread along the pipe is developed and characterized, making possible the characterization of the flow, as well as the tracking of the bubbles over a large section of the test bed. Results show good agreement with standard measurement methods and open up plenty of opportunities to both laboratory measurement tools and field applications. MDPI 2015-03-17 /pmc/articles/PMC4435170/ /pubmed/25789494 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s150306549 Text en © 2015 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Baroncini, Virgínia H.V. Martelli, Cicero da Silva, Marco José Morales, Rigoberto E.M. Single- and Two-Phase Flow Characterization Using Optical Fiber Bragg Gratings |
title | Single- and Two-Phase Flow Characterization Using Optical Fiber Bragg Gratings |
title_full | Single- and Two-Phase Flow Characterization Using Optical Fiber Bragg Gratings |
title_fullStr | Single- and Two-Phase Flow Characterization Using Optical Fiber Bragg Gratings |
title_full_unstemmed | Single- and Two-Phase Flow Characterization Using Optical Fiber Bragg Gratings |
title_short | Single- and Two-Phase Flow Characterization Using Optical Fiber Bragg Gratings |
title_sort | single- and two-phase flow characterization using optical fiber bragg gratings |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4435170/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25789494 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s150306549 |
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