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Genome-Wide Association Analyses Point to Candidate Genes for Electric Shock Avoidance in Drosophila melanogaster

Electric shock is a common stimulus for nociception-research and the most widely used reinforcement in aversive associative learning experiments. Yet, nothing is known about the mechanisms it recruits at the periphery. To help fill this gap, we undertook a genome-wide association analysis using 38 i...

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Autores principales: Appel, Mirjam, Scholz, Claus-Jürgen, Müller, Tobias, Dittrich, Marcus, König, Christian, Bockstaller, Marie, Oguz, Tuba, Khalili, Afshin, Antwi-Adjei, Emmanuel, Schauer, Tamas, Margulies, Carla, Tanimoto, Hiromu, Yarali, Ayse
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4436303/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25992709
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0126986
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author Appel, Mirjam
Scholz, Claus-Jürgen
Müller, Tobias
Dittrich, Marcus
König, Christian
Bockstaller, Marie
Oguz, Tuba
Khalili, Afshin
Antwi-Adjei, Emmanuel
Schauer, Tamas
Margulies, Carla
Tanimoto, Hiromu
Yarali, Ayse
author_facet Appel, Mirjam
Scholz, Claus-Jürgen
Müller, Tobias
Dittrich, Marcus
König, Christian
Bockstaller, Marie
Oguz, Tuba
Khalili, Afshin
Antwi-Adjei, Emmanuel
Schauer, Tamas
Margulies, Carla
Tanimoto, Hiromu
Yarali, Ayse
author_sort Appel, Mirjam
collection PubMed
description Electric shock is a common stimulus for nociception-research and the most widely used reinforcement in aversive associative learning experiments. Yet, nothing is known about the mechanisms it recruits at the periphery. To help fill this gap, we undertook a genome-wide association analysis using 38 inbred Drosophila melanogaster strains, which avoided shock to varying extents. We identified 514 genes whose expression levels and/ or sequences co-varied with shock avoidance scores. We independently scrutinized 14 of these genes using mutants, validating the effect of 7 of them on shock avoidance. This emphasizes the value of our candidate gene list as a guide for follow-up research. In addition, by integrating our association results with external protein-protein interaction data we obtained a shock avoidance-associated network of 38 genes. Both this network and the original candidate list contained a substantial number of genes that affect mechanosensory bristles, which are hair-like organs distributed across the fly’s body. These results may point to a potential role for mechanosensory bristles in shock sensation. Thus, we not only provide a first list of candidate genes for shock avoidance, but also point to an interesting new hypothesis on nociceptive mechanisms.
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spelling pubmed-44363032015-05-27 Genome-Wide Association Analyses Point to Candidate Genes for Electric Shock Avoidance in Drosophila melanogaster Appel, Mirjam Scholz, Claus-Jürgen Müller, Tobias Dittrich, Marcus König, Christian Bockstaller, Marie Oguz, Tuba Khalili, Afshin Antwi-Adjei, Emmanuel Schauer, Tamas Margulies, Carla Tanimoto, Hiromu Yarali, Ayse PLoS One Research Article Electric shock is a common stimulus for nociception-research and the most widely used reinforcement in aversive associative learning experiments. Yet, nothing is known about the mechanisms it recruits at the periphery. To help fill this gap, we undertook a genome-wide association analysis using 38 inbred Drosophila melanogaster strains, which avoided shock to varying extents. We identified 514 genes whose expression levels and/ or sequences co-varied with shock avoidance scores. We independently scrutinized 14 of these genes using mutants, validating the effect of 7 of them on shock avoidance. This emphasizes the value of our candidate gene list as a guide for follow-up research. In addition, by integrating our association results with external protein-protein interaction data we obtained a shock avoidance-associated network of 38 genes. Both this network and the original candidate list contained a substantial number of genes that affect mechanosensory bristles, which are hair-like organs distributed across the fly’s body. These results may point to a potential role for mechanosensory bristles in shock sensation. Thus, we not only provide a first list of candidate genes for shock avoidance, but also point to an interesting new hypothesis on nociceptive mechanisms. Public Library of Science 2015-05-18 /pmc/articles/PMC4436303/ /pubmed/25992709 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0126986 Text en © 2015 Appel et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Appel, Mirjam
Scholz, Claus-Jürgen
Müller, Tobias
Dittrich, Marcus
König, Christian
Bockstaller, Marie
Oguz, Tuba
Khalili, Afshin
Antwi-Adjei, Emmanuel
Schauer, Tamas
Margulies, Carla
Tanimoto, Hiromu
Yarali, Ayse
Genome-Wide Association Analyses Point to Candidate Genes for Electric Shock Avoidance in Drosophila melanogaster
title Genome-Wide Association Analyses Point to Candidate Genes for Electric Shock Avoidance in Drosophila melanogaster
title_full Genome-Wide Association Analyses Point to Candidate Genes for Electric Shock Avoidance in Drosophila melanogaster
title_fullStr Genome-Wide Association Analyses Point to Candidate Genes for Electric Shock Avoidance in Drosophila melanogaster
title_full_unstemmed Genome-Wide Association Analyses Point to Candidate Genes for Electric Shock Avoidance in Drosophila melanogaster
title_short Genome-Wide Association Analyses Point to Candidate Genes for Electric Shock Avoidance in Drosophila melanogaster
title_sort genome-wide association analyses point to candidate genes for electric shock avoidance in drosophila melanogaster
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4436303/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25992709
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0126986
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