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Epidemiology and Genetic Characterization of Measles Strains in Senegal, 2004-2013

BACKGROUND: In Senegal, with the variable routine vaccination coverage, the risk for illness and death from measles still exists as evidenced by the measles epidemic episode in 2009. Since 2002 a laboratory-based surveillance system of measles was established by the Ministry of Health and the Instit...

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Autores principales: Dia, Ndongo, Fall, Ameth, Ka, Rouguiyatou, Fall, Amary, Kiori, David E., Goudiaby, Deborah G., Fall, Aichatou D., Faye, El Hadj Abdourahmane, Dosseh, Annick, Ndiaye, Kader, Diop, Ousmane M., Niang, Mbayame Nd.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4441473/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26000828
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0121704
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author Dia, Ndongo
Fall, Ameth
Ka, Rouguiyatou
Fall, Amary
Kiori, David E.
Goudiaby, Deborah G.
Fall, Aichatou D.
Faye, El Hadj Abdourahmane
Dosseh, Annick
Ndiaye, Kader
Diop, Ousmane M.
Niang, Mbayame Nd.
author_facet Dia, Ndongo
Fall, Ameth
Ka, Rouguiyatou
Fall, Amary
Kiori, David E.
Goudiaby, Deborah G.
Fall, Aichatou D.
Faye, El Hadj Abdourahmane
Dosseh, Annick
Ndiaye, Kader
Diop, Ousmane M.
Niang, Mbayame Nd.
author_sort Dia, Ndongo
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: In Senegal, with the variable routine vaccination coverage, the risk for illness and death from measles still exists as evidenced by the measles epidemic episode in 2009. Since 2002 a laboratory-based surveillance system of measles was established by the Ministry of Health and the Institut Pasteur de Dakar. The present study analysed the data collected over the 10 years inclusive between 2004-2013 in order to define a measles epidemiological profile in Senegal, and we carried out a phylogenetic analysis of measles virus circulating in Senegal over the period 2009-2012. METHODOLOGY AND RESULTS: A total number of 4580 samples were collected from suspected cases, with the most cases between 2008 and 2010 (2219/4580; 48.4%). The majority of suspected cases are found in children from 4-6 years old (29%). 981 (21.4%) were measles laboratory-confirmed by IgM ELISA. The measles confirmation rate per year is very high during 2009-2010 periods (48.5% for each year). Regarding age groups, the highest measles IgM-positivity rate occurred among persons aged over 15 years with 39.4% (115/292) followed by 2-3 years old age group with 30.4% (323/1062) and 30% (148/494) in children under one year old group. The majority of suspected cases were collected between February and June and paradoxically confirmed cases rates increased from July (77/270; 28.6%) and reached a peak in November with 60% (93/155). Phylogenetic analysis showed that all the 29 sequences from strains that circulated in Senegal between 2009 and 2012 belong to the B3 genotype and they are clustered in B3.1 (2011-2012) and B3.3 (2009-2011) sub-genotypes according to a temporal parameter. CONCLUSION: Improvements in the measles surveillance in Senegal are required and the introduction of oral fluid and FTA cards as an alternative to transportation of sera should be investigated to improve surveillance. The introduction of a national vaccine database including number of doses of measles-containing vaccine will greatly improve efforts to interrupt and ultimately eliminate measles virus transmission in Senegal.
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spelling pubmed-44414732015-05-28 Epidemiology and Genetic Characterization of Measles Strains in Senegal, 2004-2013 Dia, Ndongo Fall, Ameth Ka, Rouguiyatou Fall, Amary Kiori, David E. Goudiaby, Deborah G. Fall, Aichatou D. Faye, El Hadj Abdourahmane Dosseh, Annick Ndiaye, Kader Diop, Ousmane M. Niang, Mbayame Nd. PLoS One Research Article BACKGROUND: In Senegal, with the variable routine vaccination coverage, the risk for illness and death from measles still exists as evidenced by the measles epidemic episode in 2009. Since 2002 a laboratory-based surveillance system of measles was established by the Ministry of Health and the Institut Pasteur de Dakar. The present study analysed the data collected over the 10 years inclusive between 2004-2013 in order to define a measles epidemiological profile in Senegal, and we carried out a phylogenetic analysis of measles virus circulating in Senegal over the period 2009-2012. METHODOLOGY AND RESULTS: A total number of 4580 samples were collected from suspected cases, with the most cases between 2008 and 2010 (2219/4580; 48.4%). The majority of suspected cases are found in children from 4-6 years old (29%). 981 (21.4%) were measles laboratory-confirmed by IgM ELISA. The measles confirmation rate per year is very high during 2009-2010 periods (48.5% for each year). Regarding age groups, the highest measles IgM-positivity rate occurred among persons aged over 15 years with 39.4% (115/292) followed by 2-3 years old age group with 30.4% (323/1062) and 30% (148/494) in children under one year old group. The majority of suspected cases were collected between February and June and paradoxically confirmed cases rates increased from July (77/270; 28.6%) and reached a peak in November with 60% (93/155). Phylogenetic analysis showed that all the 29 sequences from strains that circulated in Senegal between 2009 and 2012 belong to the B3 genotype and they are clustered in B3.1 (2011-2012) and B3.3 (2009-2011) sub-genotypes according to a temporal parameter. CONCLUSION: Improvements in the measles surveillance in Senegal are required and the introduction of oral fluid and FTA cards as an alternative to transportation of sera should be investigated to improve surveillance. The introduction of a national vaccine database including number of doses of measles-containing vaccine will greatly improve efforts to interrupt and ultimately eliminate measles virus transmission in Senegal. Public Library of Science 2015-05-22 /pmc/articles/PMC4441473/ /pubmed/26000828 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0121704 Text en © 2015 Dia et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Dia, Ndongo
Fall, Ameth
Ka, Rouguiyatou
Fall, Amary
Kiori, David E.
Goudiaby, Deborah G.
Fall, Aichatou D.
Faye, El Hadj Abdourahmane
Dosseh, Annick
Ndiaye, Kader
Diop, Ousmane M.
Niang, Mbayame Nd.
Epidemiology and Genetic Characterization of Measles Strains in Senegal, 2004-2013
title Epidemiology and Genetic Characterization of Measles Strains in Senegal, 2004-2013
title_full Epidemiology and Genetic Characterization of Measles Strains in Senegal, 2004-2013
title_fullStr Epidemiology and Genetic Characterization of Measles Strains in Senegal, 2004-2013
title_full_unstemmed Epidemiology and Genetic Characterization of Measles Strains in Senegal, 2004-2013
title_short Epidemiology and Genetic Characterization of Measles Strains in Senegal, 2004-2013
title_sort epidemiology and genetic characterization of measles strains in senegal, 2004-2013
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4441473/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26000828
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0121704
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