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Disorders of sexual development in a cultural context

BACKGROUND: Disorders of sexual development (DSD) are congenital conditions in which the development of the chromosomal, gonadal or anatomical sex can be deemed atypical. The external genitalia should appear ‘normal’ in size and shape from birth, with no question of abnormality, and the individual m...

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Autores principales: Özbey, Hüseyin, Etker, Seref
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Elsevier 2013
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4442941/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26579242
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aju.2012.12.003
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author Özbey, Hüseyin
Etker, Seref
author_facet Özbey, Hüseyin
Etker, Seref
author_sort Özbey, Hüseyin
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Disorders of sexual development (DSD) are congenital conditions in which the development of the chromosomal, gonadal or anatomical sex can be deemed atypical. The external genitalia should appear ‘normal’ in size and shape from birth, with no question of abnormality, and the individual must receive appropriate social-environmental feedback in the course of the sexual maturation process. METHODS: We review regional differences in the variables considered important for gender assignment in individuals with DSD. Various approaches to certain forms of DSD are analysed within their cultural context. RESULTS: The decision to leave the sex of rearing undisturbed or to change it is difficult. It depends on the patient’s age and the extent to which the gender identity has been established with parental gender preference, social, cultural and religious factors. Severe forms of genetically female congenital adrenal hyperplasia, androgen insensitivity syndrome, 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase-3, 5α-reductase and cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase deficiencies are found to be the most difficult cases to diagnose and/or manage. CONCLUSION: Gender assignment in children with DSD is a subject of intense debate. Each case of DSD must be evaluated individually and on its merits and potentials. Although early admission and appropriate diagnostic facilities could provide the correct diagnosis, this is not the case in some cultures. It is seen that ‘gender panic’, social and religious concepts affect the decision-making process in gender assignment, especially in delayed cases.
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spelling pubmed-44429412015-11-17 Disorders of sexual development in a cultural context Özbey, Hüseyin Etker, Seref Arab J Urol Pediatric Urology Review BACKGROUND: Disorders of sexual development (DSD) are congenital conditions in which the development of the chromosomal, gonadal or anatomical sex can be deemed atypical. The external genitalia should appear ‘normal’ in size and shape from birth, with no question of abnormality, and the individual must receive appropriate social-environmental feedback in the course of the sexual maturation process. METHODS: We review regional differences in the variables considered important for gender assignment in individuals with DSD. Various approaches to certain forms of DSD are analysed within their cultural context. RESULTS: The decision to leave the sex of rearing undisturbed or to change it is difficult. It depends on the patient’s age and the extent to which the gender identity has been established with parental gender preference, social, cultural and religious factors. Severe forms of genetically female congenital adrenal hyperplasia, androgen insensitivity syndrome, 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase-3, 5α-reductase and cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase deficiencies are found to be the most difficult cases to diagnose and/or manage. CONCLUSION: Gender assignment in children with DSD is a subject of intense debate. Each case of DSD must be evaluated individually and on its merits and potentials. Although early admission and appropriate diagnostic facilities could provide the correct diagnosis, this is not the case in some cultures. It is seen that ‘gender panic’, social and religious concepts affect the decision-making process in gender assignment, especially in delayed cases. Elsevier 2013-03 2013-01-26 /pmc/articles/PMC4442941/ /pubmed/26579242 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aju.2012.12.003 Text en © 2013 Arab Association of Urology. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/).
spellingShingle Pediatric Urology Review
Özbey, Hüseyin
Etker, Seref
Disorders of sexual development in a cultural context
title Disorders of sexual development in a cultural context
title_full Disorders of sexual development in a cultural context
title_fullStr Disorders of sexual development in a cultural context
title_full_unstemmed Disorders of sexual development in a cultural context
title_short Disorders of sexual development in a cultural context
title_sort disorders of sexual development in a cultural context
topic Pediatric Urology Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4442941/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26579242
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aju.2012.12.003
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