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Centromere sliding on a mammalian chromosome

The centromere directs the segregation of chromosomes during mitosis and meiosis. It is a distinct genetic locus whose identity is established through epigenetic mechanisms that depend on the deposition of centromere-specific centromere protein A (CENP-A) nucleosomes. This important chromatin domain...

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Autores principales: Purgato, Stefania, Belloni, Elisa, Piras, Francesca M., Zoli, Monica, Badiale, Claudia, Cerutti, Federico, Mazzagatti, Alice, Perini, Giovanni, Della Valle, Giuliano, Nergadze, Solomon G., Sullivan, Kevin F., Raimondi, Elena, Rocchi, Mariano, Giulotto, Elena
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Springer Berlin Heidelberg 2014
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4446527/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25413176
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00412-014-0493-6
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author Purgato, Stefania
Belloni, Elisa
Piras, Francesca M.
Zoli, Monica
Badiale, Claudia
Cerutti, Federico
Mazzagatti, Alice
Perini, Giovanni
Della Valle, Giuliano
Nergadze, Solomon G.
Sullivan, Kevin F.
Raimondi, Elena
Rocchi, Mariano
Giulotto, Elena
author_facet Purgato, Stefania
Belloni, Elisa
Piras, Francesca M.
Zoli, Monica
Badiale, Claudia
Cerutti, Federico
Mazzagatti, Alice
Perini, Giovanni
Della Valle, Giuliano
Nergadze, Solomon G.
Sullivan, Kevin F.
Raimondi, Elena
Rocchi, Mariano
Giulotto, Elena
author_sort Purgato, Stefania
collection PubMed
description The centromere directs the segregation of chromosomes during mitosis and meiosis. It is a distinct genetic locus whose identity is established through epigenetic mechanisms that depend on the deposition of centromere-specific centromere protein A (CENP-A) nucleosomes. This important chromatin domain has so far escaped comprehensive molecular analysis due to its typical association with highly repetitive satellite DNA. In previous work, we discovered that the centromere of horse chromosome 11 is completely devoid of satellite DNA; this peculiar feature makes it a unique model to dissect the molecular architecture of mammalian centromeres. Here, we exploited this native satellite-free centromere to determine the precise localization of its functional domains in five individuals: We hybridized DNA purified from chromatin immunoprecipitated with an anti CENP-A antibody to a high resolution array (ChIP-on-chip) of the region containing the primary constriction of horse chromosome 11. Strikingly, each individual exhibited a different arrangement of CENP-A binding domains. We then analysed the organization of each domain using a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-based approach and single molecule analysis on chromatin fibres. Examination of the ten instances of chromosome 11 in the five individuals revealed seven distinct ‘positional alleles’, each one extending for about 80–160 kb, were found across a region of about 500 kb. Our results demonstrate that CENP-A binding domains are autonomous relative to the underlying DNA sequence and are characterized by positional instability causing the sliding of centromere position. We propose that this dynamic behaviour may be common in mammalian centromeres and may determine the establishment of epigenetic alleles. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00412-014-0493-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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spelling pubmed-44465272015-05-29 Centromere sliding on a mammalian chromosome Purgato, Stefania Belloni, Elisa Piras, Francesca M. Zoli, Monica Badiale, Claudia Cerutti, Federico Mazzagatti, Alice Perini, Giovanni Della Valle, Giuliano Nergadze, Solomon G. Sullivan, Kevin F. Raimondi, Elena Rocchi, Mariano Giulotto, Elena Chromosoma Research Article The centromere directs the segregation of chromosomes during mitosis and meiosis. It is a distinct genetic locus whose identity is established through epigenetic mechanisms that depend on the deposition of centromere-specific centromere protein A (CENP-A) nucleosomes. This important chromatin domain has so far escaped comprehensive molecular analysis due to its typical association with highly repetitive satellite DNA. In previous work, we discovered that the centromere of horse chromosome 11 is completely devoid of satellite DNA; this peculiar feature makes it a unique model to dissect the molecular architecture of mammalian centromeres. Here, we exploited this native satellite-free centromere to determine the precise localization of its functional domains in five individuals: We hybridized DNA purified from chromatin immunoprecipitated with an anti CENP-A antibody to a high resolution array (ChIP-on-chip) of the region containing the primary constriction of horse chromosome 11. Strikingly, each individual exhibited a different arrangement of CENP-A binding domains. We then analysed the organization of each domain using a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-based approach and single molecule analysis on chromatin fibres. Examination of the ten instances of chromosome 11 in the five individuals revealed seven distinct ‘positional alleles’, each one extending for about 80–160 kb, were found across a region of about 500 kb. Our results demonstrate that CENP-A binding domains are autonomous relative to the underlying DNA sequence and are characterized by positional instability causing the sliding of centromere position. We propose that this dynamic behaviour may be common in mammalian centromeres and may determine the establishment of epigenetic alleles. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00412-014-0493-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. Springer Berlin Heidelberg 2014-11-21 2015 /pmc/articles/PMC4446527/ /pubmed/25413176 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00412-014-0493-6 Text en © The Author(s) 2014 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits any use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and the source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Purgato, Stefania
Belloni, Elisa
Piras, Francesca M.
Zoli, Monica
Badiale, Claudia
Cerutti, Federico
Mazzagatti, Alice
Perini, Giovanni
Della Valle, Giuliano
Nergadze, Solomon G.
Sullivan, Kevin F.
Raimondi, Elena
Rocchi, Mariano
Giulotto, Elena
Centromere sliding on a mammalian chromosome
title Centromere sliding on a mammalian chromosome
title_full Centromere sliding on a mammalian chromosome
title_fullStr Centromere sliding on a mammalian chromosome
title_full_unstemmed Centromere sliding on a mammalian chromosome
title_short Centromere sliding on a mammalian chromosome
title_sort centromere sliding on a mammalian chromosome
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4446527/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25413176
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00412-014-0493-6
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