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Quality of the Antibiotics—Amoxicillin and Co-Trimoxazole from Ghana, Nigeria, and the United Kingdom
Little is known about the quality of antibiotics despite being in high demand globally. Thirty five samples (27 brands) of the antibiotics amoxicillin (N = 20; 16 brands) and co-trimoxazole (N = 15; 11 brands), manufactured in six countries (China, Ghana, India, Ireland, Nigeria, and United Kingdom)...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
2015
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4455078/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25897067 http://dx.doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.14-0539 |
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author | Fadeyi, Ifeyinwa Lalani, Mirza Mailk, Naiela Wyk, Albert Van Kaur, Harparkash |
author_facet | Fadeyi, Ifeyinwa Lalani, Mirza Mailk, Naiela Wyk, Albert Van Kaur, Harparkash |
author_sort | Fadeyi, Ifeyinwa |
collection | PubMed |
description | Little is known about the quality of antibiotics despite being in high demand globally. Thirty five samples (27 brands) of the antibiotics amoxicillin (N = 20; 16 brands) and co-trimoxazole (N = 15; 11 brands), manufactured in six countries (China, Ghana, India, Ireland, Nigeria, and United Kingdom), were purchased in Ghana, Nigeria, and the United Kingdom. Their quality was assessed using German Pharma Health Fund (GPHF) MiniLab(®) as the screening tool—two capsules of amoxicillin (10%) and two tablets of co-trimoxazole (20%) failed the thin-layer chromatography (TLC) test. Definitive drug quality was measured using high-performance liquid chromatography–photodiode array detection (HPLC-PDA) for content of the stated active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) and bioavailability was determined with in vitro dissolution testing. All the samples of amoxicillin complied with U.S. Pharmacopeia (USP) tolerance limits, but 60% tablets of co-trimoxazole (purchased in Ghana and Nigeria) did not. There was disparity in the results obtained for co-trimoxazole and amoxicillin samples using the MiniLab(®) TLC tests. This highlights the need to invest in techniques such as HPLC-PDA and dissolution testing alongside the screening tests for assessing drug quality. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4455078 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2015 |
publisher | The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-44550782015-06-11 Quality of the Antibiotics—Amoxicillin and Co-Trimoxazole from Ghana, Nigeria, and the United Kingdom Fadeyi, Ifeyinwa Lalani, Mirza Mailk, Naiela Wyk, Albert Van Kaur, Harparkash Am J Trop Med Hyg Field Studies and Innovations Little is known about the quality of antibiotics despite being in high demand globally. Thirty five samples (27 brands) of the antibiotics amoxicillin (N = 20; 16 brands) and co-trimoxazole (N = 15; 11 brands), manufactured in six countries (China, Ghana, India, Ireland, Nigeria, and United Kingdom), were purchased in Ghana, Nigeria, and the United Kingdom. Their quality was assessed using German Pharma Health Fund (GPHF) MiniLab(®) as the screening tool—two capsules of amoxicillin (10%) and two tablets of co-trimoxazole (20%) failed the thin-layer chromatography (TLC) test. Definitive drug quality was measured using high-performance liquid chromatography–photodiode array detection (HPLC-PDA) for content of the stated active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) and bioavailability was determined with in vitro dissolution testing. All the samples of amoxicillin complied with U.S. Pharmacopeia (USP) tolerance limits, but 60% tablets of co-trimoxazole (purchased in Ghana and Nigeria) did not. There was disparity in the results obtained for co-trimoxazole and amoxicillin samples using the MiniLab(®) TLC tests. This highlights the need to invest in techniques such as HPLC-PDA and dissolution testing alongside the screening tests for assessing drug quality. The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 2015-06-03 /pmc/articles/PMC4455078/ /pubmed/25897067 http://dx.doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.14-0539 Text en ©The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Field Studies and Innovations Fadeyi, Ifeyinwa Lalani, Mirza Mailk, Naiela Wyk, Albert Van Kaur, Harparkash Quality of the Antibiotics—Amoxicillin and Co-Trimoxazole from Ghana, Nigeria, and the United Kingdom |
title | Quality of the Antibiotics—Amoxicillin and Co-Trimoxazole from Ghana, Nigeria, and the United Kingdom |
title_full | Quality of the Antibiotics—Amoxicillin and Co-Trimoxazole from Ghana, Nigeria, and the United Kingdom |
title_fullStr | Quality of the Antibiotics—Amoxicillin and Co-Trimoxazole from Ghana, Nigeria, and the United Kingdom |
title_full_unstemmed | Quality of the Antibiotics—Amoxicillin and Co-Trimoxazole from Ghana, Nigeria, and the United Kingdom |
title_short | Quality of the Antibiotics—Amoxicillin and Co-Trimoxazole from Ghana, Nigeria, and the United Kingdom |
title_sort | quality of the antibiotics—amoxicillin and co-trimoxazole from ghana, nigeria, and the united kingdom |
topic | Field Studies and Innovations |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4455078/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25897067 http://dx.doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.14-0539 |
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