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Molecular Genetic Testing in Reward Deficiency Syndrome (RDS): Facts and Fiction

BACKGROUND: The Brain Reward Cascade (BRC) is an interaction of neurotransmitters and their respective genes to control the amount of dopamine released within the brain. Any variations within this pathway, whether genetic or environmental (epigenetic), may result in addictive behaviors or RDS, which...

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Autores principales: Blum, Kenneth, Badgaiyan, Rajendra D., Agan, Gozde, Fratantonio, James, Simpatico, Thomas, Febo, Marcelo, Haberstick, Brett C., Smolen, Andrew, Gold, Mark S.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4455960/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26052557
http://dx.doi.org/10.17756/jrds.2015-009
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author Blum, Kenneth
Badgaiyan, Rajendra D.
Agan, Gozde
Fratantonio, James
Simpatico, Thomas
Febo, Marcelo
Haberstick, Brett C.
Smolen, Andrew
Gold, Mark S.
author_facet Blum, Kenneth
Badgaiyan, Rajendra D.
Agan, Gozde
Fratantonio, James
Simpatico, Thomas
Febo, Marcelo
Haberstick, Brett C.
Smolen, Andrew
Gold, Mark S.
author_sort Blum, Kenneth
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: The Brain Reward Cascade (BRC) is an interaction of neurotransmitters and their respective genes to control the amount of dopamine released within the brain. Any variations within this pathway, whether genetic or environmental (epigenetic), may result in addictive behaviors or RDS, which was coined to define addictive behaviors and their genetic components. METHODS: To carry out this review we searched a number of important databases including: Filtered: Cochrane Systematic reviews; DARE; Pubmed Central Clinical Quaries; National Guideline Clearinghouse and unfiltered resources: PsychINFO; ACP PIER; PsychSage; Pubmed/Medline. The major search terms included: dopamine agonist therapy for Addiction; dopamine agonist therapy for Reward dependence; dopamine antagonistic therapy for addiction; dopamine antagonistic therapy for reward dependence and neurogenetics of RDS. RESULTS: While there are many studies claiming a genetic association with RDS behavior, not all are scientifically accurate. CONCLUSION: Albeit our bias, this Clinical Pearl discusses the facts and fictions behind molecular genetic testing in RDS and the significance behind the development of the Genetic Addiction Risk Score (GARS(PREDX)™), the first test to accurately predict one’s genetic risk for RDS.
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spelling pubmed-44559602015-06-04 Molecular Genetic Testing in Reward Deficiency Syndrome (RDS): Facts and Fiction Blum, Kenneth Badgaiyan, Rajendra D. Agan, Gozde Fratantonio, James Simpatico, Thomas Febo, Marcelo Haberstick, Brett C. Smolen, Andrew Gold, Mark S. J Reward Defic Syndr Article BACKGROUND: The Brain Reward Cascade (BRC) is an interaction of neurotransmitters and their respective genes to control the amount of dopamine released within the brain. Any variations within this pathway, whether genetic or environmental (epigenetic), may result in addictive behaviors or RDS, which was coined to define addictive behaviors and their genetic components. METHODS: To carry out this review we searched a number of important databases including: Filtered: Cochrane Systematic reviews; DARE; Pubmed Central Clinical Quaries; National Guideline Clearinghouse and unfiltered resources: PsychINFO; ACP PIER; PsychSage; Pubmed/Medline. The major search terms included: dopamine agonist therapy for Addiction; dopamine agonist therapy for Reward dependence; dopamine antagonistic therapy for addiction; dopamine antagonistic therapy for reward dependence and neurogenetics of RDS. RESULTS: While there are many studies claiming a genetic association with RDS behavior, not all are scientifically accurate. CONCLUSION: Albeit our bias, this Clinical Pearl discusses the facts and fictions behind molecular genetic testing in RDS and the significance behind the development of the Genetic Addiction Risk Score (GARS(PREDX)™), the first test to accurately predict one’s genetic risk for RDS. 2015-03-19 2015 /pmc/articles/PMC4455960/ /pubmed/26052557 http://dx.doi.org/10.17756/jrds.2015-009 Text en Copyright: © Blum et al. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC-BY) (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) which permits commercial use, including reproduction, adaptation, and distribution of the article provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Article
Blum, Kenneth
Badgaiyan, Rajendra D.
Agan, Gozde
Fratantonio, James
Simpatico, Thomas
Febo, Marcelo
Haberstick, Brett C.
Smolen, Andrew
Gold, Mark S.
Molecular Genetic Testing in Reward Deficiency Syndrome (RDS): Facts and Fiction
title Molecular Genetic Testing in Reward Deficiency Syndrome (RDS): Facts and Fiction
title_full Molecular Genetic Testing in Reward Deficiency Syndrome (RDS): Facts and Fiction
title_fullStr Molecular Genetic Testing in Reward Deficiency Syndrome (RDS): Facts and Fiction
title_full_unstemmed Molecular Genetic Testing in Reward Deficiency Syndrome (RDS): Facts and Fiction
title_short Molecular Genetic Testing in Reward Deficiency Syndrome (RDS): Facts and Fiction
title_sort molecular genetic testing in reward deficiency syndrome (rds): facts and fiction
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4455960/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26052557
http://dx.doi.org/10.17756/jrds.2015-009
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