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A Legume Genetic Framework Controls Infection of Nodules by Symbiotic and Endophytic Bacteria

Legumes have an intrinsic capacity to accommodate both symbiotic and endophytic bacteria within root nodules. For the symbionts, a complex genetic mechanism that allows mutual recognition and plant infection has emerged from genetic studies under axenic conditions. In contrast, little is known about...

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Autores principales: Zgadzaj, Rafal, James, Euan K., Kelly, Simon, Kawaharada, Yasuyuki, de Jonge, Nadieh, Jensen, Dorthe B., Madsen, Lene H., Radutoiu, Simona
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4456278/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26042417
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1005280
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author Zgadzaj, Rafal
James, Euan K.
Kelly, Simon
Kawaharada, Yasuyuki
de Jonge, Nadieh
Jensen, Dorthe B.
Madsen, Lene H.
Radutoiu, Simona
author_facet Zgadzaj, Rafal
James, Euan K.
Kelly, Simon
Kawaharada, Yasuyuki
de Jonge, Nadieh
Jensen, Dorthe B.
Madsen, Lene H.
Radutoiu, Simona
author_sort Zgadzaj, Rafal
collection PubMed
description Legumes have an intrinsic capacity to accommodate both symbiotic and endophytic bacteria within root nodules. For the symbionts, a complex genetic mechanism that allows mutual recognition and plant infection has emerged from genetic studies under axenic conditions. In contrast, little is known about the mechanisms controlling the endophytic infection. Here we investigate the contribution of both the host and the symbiotic microbe to endophyte infection and development of mixed colonised nodules in Lotus japonicus. We found that infection threads initiated by Mesorhizobium loti, the natural symbiont of Lotus, can selectively guide endophytic bacteria towards nodule primordia, where competent strains multiply and colonise the nodule together with the nitrogen-fixing symbiotic partner. Further co-inoculation studies with the competent coloniser, Rhizobium mesosinicum strain KAW12, show that endophytic nodule infection depends on functional and efficient M. loti-driven Nod factor signalling. KAW12 exopolysaccharide (EPS) enabled endophyte nodule infection whilst compatible M. loti EPS restricted it. Analysis of plant mutants that control different stages of the symbiotic infection showed that both symbiont and endophyte accommodation within nodules is under host genetic control. This demonstrates that when legume plants are exposed to complex communities they selectively regulate access and accommodation of bacteria occupying this specialized environmental niche, the root nodule.
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spelling pubmed-44562782015-06-09 A Legume Genetic Framework Controls Infection of Nodules by Symbiotic and Endophytic Bacteria Zgadzaj, Rafal James, Euan K. Kelly, Simon Kawaharada, Yasuyuki de Jonge, Nadieh Jensen, Dorthe B. Madsen, Lene H. Radutoiu, Simona PLoS Genet Research Article Legumes have an intrinsic capacity to accommodate both symbiotic and endophytic bacteria within root nodules. For the symbionts, a complex genetic mechanism that allows mutual recognition and plant infection has emerged from genetic studies under axenic conditions. In contrast, little is known about the mechanisms controlling the endophytic infection. Here we investigate the contribution of both the host and the symbiotic microbe to endophyte infection and development of mixed colonised nodules in Lotus japonicus. We found that infection threads initiated by Mesorhizobium loti, the natural symbiont of Lotus, can selectively guide endophytic bacteria towards nodule primordia, where competent strains multiply and colonise the nodule together with the nitrogen-fixing symbiotic partner. Further co-inoculation studies with the competent coloniser, Rhizobium mesosinicum strain KAW12, show that endophytic nodule infection depends on functional and efficient M. loti-driven Nod factor signalling. KAW12 exopolysaccharide (EPS) enabled endophyte nodule infection whilst compatible M. loti EPS restricted it. Analysis of plant mutants that control different stages of the symbiotic infection showed that both symbiont and endophyte accommodation within nodules is under host genetic control. This demonstrates that when legume plants are exposed to complex communities they selectively regulate access and accommodation of bacteria occupying this specialized environmental niche, the root nodule. Public Library of Science 2015-06-04 /pmc/articles/PMC4456278/ /pubmed/26042417 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1005280 Text en © 2015 Zgadzaj et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Zgadzaj, Rafal
James, Euan K.
Kelly, Simon
Kawaharada, Yasuyuki
de Jonge, Nadieh
Jensen, Dorthe B.
Madsen, Lene H.
Radutoiu, Simona
A Legume Genetic Framework Controls Infection of Nodules by Symbiotic and Endophytic Bacteria
title A Legume Genetic Framework Controls Infection of Nodules by Symbiotic and Endophytic Bacteria
title_full A Legume Genetic Framework Controls Infection of Nodules by Symbiotic and Endophytic Bacteria
title_fullStr A Legume Genetic Framework Controls Infection of Nodules by Symbiotic and Endophytic Bacteria
title_full_unstemmed A Legume Genetic Framework Controls Infection of Nodules by Symbiotic and Endophytic Bacteria
title_short A Legume Genetic Framework Controls Infection of Nodules by Symbiotic and Endophytic Bacteria
title_sort legume genetic framework controls infection of nodules by symbiotic and endophytic bacteria
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4456278/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26042417
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1005280
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