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Car Crashes and Central Disorders of Hypersomnolence: A French Study

BACKGROUND: Drowsiness compromises driving ability by reducing alertness and attentiveness, and delayed reaction times. Sleep-related car crashes account for a considerable proportion of accident at the wheel. Narcolepsy type 1 (NT1), narcolepsy type 2 (NT2) and idiopathic hypersomnia (IH) are rare...

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Autores principales: Pizza, Fabio, Jaussent, Isabelle, Lopez, Regis, Pesenti, Carole, Plazzi, Giuseppe, Drouot, Xavier, Leu-Semenescu, Smaranda, Beziat, Severine, Arnulf, Isabelle, Dauvilliers, Yves
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4460078/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26052938
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0129386
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author Pizza, Fabio
Jaussent, Isabelle
Lopez, Regis
Pesenti, Carole
Plazzi, Giuseppe
Drouot, Xavier
Leu-Semenescu, Smaranda
Beziat, Severine
Arnulf, Isabelle
Dauvilliers, Yves
author_facet Pizza, Fabio
Jaussent, Isabelle
Lopez, Regis
Pesenti, Carole
Plazzi, Giuseppe
Drouot, Xavier
Leu-Semenescu, Smaranda
Beziat, Severine
Arnulf, Isabelle
Dauvilliers, Yves
author_sort Pizza, Fabio
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Drowsiness compromises driving ability by reducing alertness and attentiveness, and delayed reaction times. Sleep-related car crashes account for a considerable proportion of accident at the wheel. Narcolepsy type 1 (NT1), narcolepsy type 2 (NT2) and idiopathic hypersomnia (IH) are rare central disorders of hypersomnolence, the most severe causes of sleepiness thus being potential dangerous conditions for both personal and public safety with increasing scientific, social, and political attention. Our main objective was to assess the frequency of recent car crashes in a large cohort of patients affected with well-defined central disorders of hypersomnolence versus subjects from the general population. METHODS: We performed a cross-sectional study in French reference centres for rare hypersomnia diseases and included 527 patients and 781 healthy subjects. All participants included needed to have a driving license, information available on potential accident events during the last 5 years, and on potential confounders; thus analyses were performed on 282 cases (71 IH, 82 NT2, 129 NT1) and 470 healthy subjects. RESULTS: Patients reported more frequently than healthy subjects the occurrence of recent car crashes (in the previous five years), a risk that was confirmed in both treated and untreated subjects at study inclusion (Untreated, OR = 2.21 95%CI = [1.30–3.76], Treated OR = 2.04 95%CI = [1.26–3.30]), as well as in all disease categories, and was modulated by subjective sleepiness level (Epworth scale and naps). Conversely, the risk of car accidents of patients treated for at least 5 years was not different to healthy subjects (OR = 1.23 95%CI = [0.56–2.69]). Main risk factors were analogous in patients and healthy subjects. CONCLUSION: Patients affected with central disorders of hypersomnolence had increased risk of recent car crashes compared to subjects from the general population, a finding potentially reversed by long-term treatment.
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spelling pubmed-44600782015-06-16 Car Crashes and Central Disorders of Hypersomnolence: A French Study Pizza, Fabio Jaussent, Isabelle Lopez, Regis Pesenti, Carole Plazzi, Giuseppe Drouot, Xavier Leu-Semenescu, Smaranda Beziat, Severine Arnulf, Isabelle Dauvilliers, Yves PLoS One Research Article BACKGROUND: Drowsiness compromises driving ability by reducing alertness and attentiveness, and delayed reaction times. Sleep-related car crashes account for a considerable proportion of accident at the wheel. Narcolepsy type 1 (NT1), narcolepsy type 2 (NT2) and idiopathic hypersomnia (IH) are rare central disorders of hypersomnolence, the most severe causes of sleepiness thus being potential dangerous conditions for both personal and public safety with increasing scientific, social, and political attention. Our main objective was to assess the frequency of recent car crashes in a large cohort of patients affected with well-defined central disorders of hypersomnolence versus subjects from the general population. METHODS: We performed a cross-sectional study in French reference centres for rare hypersomnia diseases and included 527 patients and 781 healthy subjects. All participants included needed to have a driving license, information available on potential accident events during the last 5 years, and on potential confounders; thus analyses were performed on 282 cases (71 IH, 82 NT2, 129 NT1) and 470 healthy subjects. RESULTS: Patients reported more frequently than healthy subjects the occurrence of recent car crashes (in the previous five years), a risk that was confirmed in both treated and untreated subjects at study inclusion (Untreated, OR = 2.21 95%CI = [1.30–3.76], Treated OR = 2.04 95%CI = [1.26–3.30]), as well as in all disease categories, and was modulated by subjective sleepiness level (Epworth scale and naps). Conversely, the risk of car accidents of patients treated for at least 5 years was not different to healthy subjects (OR = 1.23 95%CI = [0.56–2.69]). Main risk factors were analogous in patients and healthy subjects. CONCLUSION: Patients affected with central disorders of hypersomnolence had increased risk of recent car crashes compared to subjects from the general population, a finding potentially reversed by long-term treatment. Public Library of Science 2015-06-08 /pmc/articles/PMC4460078/ /pubmed/26052938 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0129386 Text en © 2015 Pizza et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Pizza, Fabio
Jaussent, Isabelle
Lopez, Regis
Pesenti, Carole
Plazzi, Giuseppe
Drouot, Xavier
Leu-Semenescu, Smaranda
Beziat, Severine
Arnulf, Isabelle
Dauvilliers, Yves
Car Crashes and Central Disorders of Hypersomnolence: A French Study
title Car Crashes and Central Disorders of Hypersomnolence: A French Study
title_full Car Crashes and Central Disorders of Hypersomnolence: A French Study
title_fullStr Car Crashes and Central Disorders of Hypersomnolence: A French Study
title_full_unstemmed Car Crashes and Central Disorders of Hypersomnolence: A French Study
title_short Car Crashes and Central Disorders of Hypersomnolence: A French Study
title_sort car crashes and central disorders of hypersomnolence: a french study
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4460078/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26052938
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0129386
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