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Plant growth improvement mediated by nitrate capture in co-composted biochar

Soil amendment with pyrogenic carbon (biochar) is discussed as strategy to improve soil fertility to enable economic plus environmental benefits. In temperate soils, however, the use of pure biochar mostly has moderately-negative to -positive yield effects. Here we demonstrate that co-composting con...

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Autores principales: Kammann, Claudia I., Schmidt, Hans-Peter, Messerschmidt, Nicole, Linsel, Sebastian, Steffens, Diedrich, Müller, Christoph, Koyro, Hans-Werner, Conte, Pellegrino, Stephen, Joseph
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4460888/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26057083
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep11080
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author Kammann, Claudia I.
Schmidt, Hans-Peter
Messerschmidt, Nicole
Linsel, Sebastian
Steffens, Diedrich
Müller, Christoph
Koyro, Hans-Werner
Conte, Pellegrino
Stephen, Joseph
author_facet Kammann, Claudia I.
Schmidt, Hans-Peter
Messerschmidt, Nicole
Linsel, Sebastian
Steffens, Diedrich
Müller, Christoph
Koyro, Hans-Werner
Conte, Pellegrino
Stephen, Joseph
author_sort Kammann, Claudia I.
collection PubMed
description Soil amendment with pyrogenic carbon (biochar) is discussed as strategy to improve soil fertility to enable economic plus environmental benefits. In temperate soils, however, the use of pure biochar mostly has moderately-negative to -positive yield effects. Here we demonstrate that co-composting considerably promoted biochars’ positive effects, largely by nitrate (nutrient) capture and delivery. In a full-factorial growth study with Chenopodium quinoa, biomass yield increased up to 305% in a sandy-poor soil amended with 2% (w/w) co-composted biochar (BC(comp)). Conversely, addition of 2% (w/w) untreated biochar (BC(pure)) decreased the biomass to 60% of the control. Growth-promoting (BC(comp)) as well as growth-reducing (BC(pure)) effects were more pronounced at lower nutrient-supply levels. Electro-ultra filtration and sequential biochar-particle washing revealed that co-composted biochar was nutrient-enriched, particularly with the anions nitrate and phosphate. The captured nitrate in BC(comp) was (1) only partly detectable with standard methods, (2) largely protected against leaching, (3) partly plant-available, and (4) did not stimulate N(2)O emissions. We hypothesize that surface ageing plus non-conventional ion-water bonding in micro- and nano-pores promoted nitrate capture in biochar particles. Amending (N-rich) bio-waste with biochar may enhance its agronomic value and reduce nutrient losses from bio-wastes and agricultural soils.
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spelling pubmed-44608882015-06-18 Plant growth improvement mediated by nitrate capture in co-composted biochar Kammann, Claudia I. Schmidt, Hans-Peter Messerschmidt, Nicole Linsel, Sebastian Steffens, Diedrich Müller, Christoph Koyro, Hans-Werner Conte, Pellegrino Stephen, Joseph Sci Rep Article Soil amendment with pyrogenic carbon (biochar) is discussed as strategy to improve soil fertility to enable economic plus environmental benefits. In temperate soils, however, the use of pure biochar mostly has moderately-negative to -positive yield effects. Here we demonstrate that co-composting considerably promoted biochars’ positive effects, largely by nitrate (nutrient) capture and delivery. In a full-factorial growth study with Chenopodium quinoa, biomass yield increased up to 305% in a sandy-poor soil amended with 2% (w/w) co-composted biochar (BC(comp)). Conversely, addition of 2% (w/w) untreated biochar (BC(pure)) decreased the biomass to 60% of the control. Growth-promoting (BC(comp)) as well as growth-reducing (BC(pure)) effects were more pronounced at lower nutrient-supply levels. Electro-ultra filtration and sequential biochar-particle washing revealed that co-composted biochar was nutrient-enriched, particularly with the anions nitrate and phosphate. The captured nitrate in BC(comp) was (1) only partly detectable with standard methods, (2) largely protected against leaching, (3) partly plant-available, and (4) did not stimulate N(2)O emissions. We hypothesize that surface ageing plus non-conventional ion-water bonding in micro- and nano-pores promoted nitrate capture in biochar particles. Amending (N-rich) bio-waste with biochar may enhance its agronomic value and reduce nutrient losses from bio-wastes and agricultural soils. Nature Publishing Group 2015-06-09 /pmc/articles/PMC4460888/ /pubmed/26057083 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep11080 Text en Copyright © 2015, Macmillan Publishers Limited http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
spellingShingle Article
Kammann, Claudia I.
Schmidt, Hans-Peter
Messerschmidt, Nicole
Linsel, Sebastian
Steffens, Diedrich
Müller, Christoph
Koyro, Hans-Werner
Conte, Pellegrino
Stephen, Joseph
Plant growth improvement mediated by nitrate capture in co-composted biochar
title Plant growth improvement mediated by nitrate capture in co-composted biochar
title_full Plant growth improvement mediated by nitrate capture in co-composted biochar
title_fullStr Plant growth improvement mediated by nitrate capture in co-composted biochar
title_full_unstemmed Plant growth improvement mediated by nitrate capture in co-composted biochar
title_short Plant growth improvement mediated by nitrate capture in co-composted biochar
title_sort plant growth improvement mediated by nitrate capture in co-composted biochar
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4460888/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26057083
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep11080
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