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Cryptococcosis Serotypes Impact Outcome and Provide Evidence of Cryptococcus neoformans Speciation
Cryptococcus neoformans is a human opportunistic fungal pathogen causing severe disseminated meningoencephalitis, mostly in patients with cellular immune defects. This species is divided into three serotypes: A, D, and the AD hybrid. Our objectives were to compare population structures of serotype A...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
American Society of Microbiology
2015
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4462623/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26060271 http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mBio.00311-15 |
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author | Desnos-Ollivier, Marie Patel, Sweta Raoux-Barbot, Dorothée Heitman, Joseph Dromer, Françoise |
author_facet | Desnos-Ollivier, Marie Patel, Sweta Raoux-Barbot, Dorothée Heitman, Joseph Dromer, Françoise |
author_sort | Desnos-Ollivier, Marie |
collection | PubMed |
description | Cryptococcus neoformans is a human opportunistic fungal pathogen causing severe disseminated meningoencephalitis, mostly in patients with cellular immune defects. This species is divided into three serotypes: A, D, and the AD hybrid. Our objectives were to compare population structures of serotype A and D clinical isolates and to assess whether infections with AD hybrids differ from infections with the other serotypes. For this purpose, we analyzed 483 isolates and the corresponding clinical data from 234 patients enrolled during the CryptoA/D study or the nationwide survey on cryptococcosis in France. Isolates were characterized in terms of ploidy, serotype, mating type, and genotype, utilizing flow cytometry, serotype- and mating type-specific PCR amplifications, and multilocus sequence typing (MLST) methods. Our results suggest that C. neoformans serotypes A and D have different routes of multiplication (primarily clonal expansion versus recombination events for serotype A and serotype D, respectively) and important genomic differences. Cryptococcosis includes a high proportion of proven or probable infections (21.5%) due to a mixture of genotypes, serotypes, and/or ploidies. Multivariate analysis showed that parameters independently associated with failure to achieve cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) sterilization by week 2 were a high serum antigen titer, the lack of flucytosine during induction therapy, and the occurrence of mixed infection, while infections caused by AD hybrids were more likely to be associated with CSF sterilization. Our study provides additional evidence for the possible speciation of C. neoformans var. neoformans and grubii and highlights the importance of careful characterization of causative isolates. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4462623 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2015 |
publisher | American Society of Microbiology |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-44626232015-06-19 Cryptococcosis Serotypes Impact Outcome and Provide Evidence of Cryptococcus neoformans Speciation Desnos-Ollivier, Marie Patel, Sweta Raoux-Barbot, Dorothée Heitman, Joseph Dromer, Françoise mBio Research Article Cryptococcus neoformans is a human opportunistic fungal pathogen causing severe disseminated meningoencephalitis, mostly in patients with cellular immune defects. This species is divided into three serotypes: A, D, and the AD hybrid. Our objectives were to compare population structures of serotype A and D clinical isolates and to assess whether infections with AD hybrids differ from infections with the other serotypes. For this purpose, we analyzed 483 isolates and the corresponding clinical data from 234 patients enrolled during the CryptoA/D study or the nationwide survey on cryptococcosis in France. Isolates were characterized in terms of ploidy, serotype, mating type, and genotype, utilizing flow cytometry, serotype- and mating type-specific PCR amplifications, and multilocus sequence typing (MLST) methods. Our results suggest that C. neoformans serotypes A and D have different routes of multiplication (primarily clonal expansion versus recombination events for serotype A and serotype D, respectively) and important genomic differences. Cryptococcosis includes a high proportion of proven or probable infections (21.5%) due to a mixture of genotypes, serotypes, and/or ploidies. Multivariate analysis showed that parameters independently associated with failure to achieve cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) sterilization by week 2 were a high serum antigen titer, the lack of flucytosine during induction therapy, and the occurrence of mixed infection, while infections caused by AD hybrids were more likely to be associated with CSF sterilization. Our study provides additional evidence for the possible speciation of C. neoformans var. neoformans and grubii and highlights the importance of careful characterization of causative isolates. American Society of Microbiology 2015-06-09 /pmc/articles/PMC4462623/ /pubmed/26060271 http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mBio.00311-15 Text en Copyright © 2015 Desnos-Ollivier et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/) , which permits unrestricted noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Desnos-Ollivier, Marie Patel, Sweta Raoux-Barbot, Dorothée Heitman, Joseph Dromer, Françoise Cryptococcosis Serotypes Impact Outcome and Provide Evidence of Cryptococcus neoformans Speciation |
title | Cryptococcosis Serotypes Impact Outcome and Provide Evidence of Cryptococcus neoformans Speciation |
title_full | Cryptococcosis Serotypes Impact Outcome and Provide Evidence of Cryptococcus neoformans Speciation |
title_fullStr | Cryptococcosis Serotypes Impact Outcome and Provide Evidence of Cryptococcus neoformans Speciation |
title_full_unstemmed | Cryptococcosis Serotypes Impact Outcome and Provide Evidence of Cryptococcus neoformans Speciation |
title_short | Cryptococcosis Serotypes Impact Outcome and Provide Evidence of Cryptococcus neoformans Speciation |
title_sort | cryptococcosis serotypes impact outcome and provide evidence of cryptococcus neoformans speciation |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4462623/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26060271 http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mBio.00311-15 |
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