Cargando…

A Survey of Escherichia coli and Salmonella in the Hyporheic Zone of a Subtropical Stream: Their Bacteriological, Physicochemical and Environmental Relationships

The Hyporheic Zone is among the most important interstitial freshwater habitats, but the relationship between biotic and abiotic factors in this zone remains under-explored. Enterobacteria were expected to be present, but no specific studies had ever confirmed this prediction. The aim of this study...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Mugnai, Riccardo, Sattamini, Ana, Albuquerque dos Santos, José Augusto, Regua-Mangia, Adriana Hamond
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4466359/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26067288
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0129382
_version_ 1782376198064570368
author Mugnai, Riccardo
Sattamini, Ana
Albuquerque dos Santos, José Augusto
Regua-Mangia, Adriana Hamond
author_facet Mugnai, Riccardo
Sattamini, Ana
Albuquerque dos Santos, José Augusto
Regua-Mangia, Adriana Hamond
author_sort Mugnai, Riccardo
collection PubMed
description The Hyporheic Zone is among the most important interstitial freshwater habitats, but the relationship between biotic and abiotic factors in this zone remains under-explored. Enterobacteria were expected to be present, but no specific studies had ever confirmed this prediction. The aim of this study was, therefore, to evaluate the total coliforms, Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. in hyporheic water and to determine the relationship of the physical, chemical and environmental factors at different depths in a rainforest stream. To this end, thirty-six water samples were collected at three depths in sites located in the first, second and third orders in diverse substrates. The total coliforms, Escherichia coli and Salmonella sp. were evaluated in terms of their CFU/ml. In the interstitial samples, coliforms were detected in 100% of the samples. The total coliform counts had higher values at intermediate depths, while E. coli and Salmonella spp. instead had higher values at intermediate and large depths, often reaching or exceeding the values of the surface samples. Our results revealed that Salmonella spp. and the coliforms have different microhabitat preferences. Salmonella spp. and coliform species prefer deposition areas, such as lateral sides of pools, curves and bars, but they have a tendency to distribute into different depths, likely due to temperature differences. Salmonella spp. prefer compact substrata, with fewer fluids passing through and with upwelling areas with lower oxygen inflow. The coliform species showed the opposite preference. Our results suggest that bacterial variation is related to environmental factors and physical-chemical parameters within the HZ and may play a key role in the microbial diversity and distribution in these ecosystems.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-4466359
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2015
publisher Public Library of Science
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-44663592015-06-22 A Survey of Escherichia coli and Salmonella in the Hyporheic Zone of a Subtropical Stream: Their Bacteriological, Physicochemical and Environmental Relationships Mugnai, Riccardo Sattamini, Ana Albuquerque dos Santos, José Augusto Regua-Mangia, Adriana Hamond PLoS One Research Article The Hyporheic Zone is among the most important interstitial freshwater habitats, but the relationship between biotic and abiotic factors in this zone remains under-explored. Enterobacteria were expected to be present, but no specific studies had ever confirmed this prediction. The aim of this study was, therefore, to evaluate the total coliforms, Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. in hyporheic water and to determine the relationship of the physical, chemical and environmental factors at different depths in a rainforest stream. To this end, thirty-six water samples were collected at three depths in sites located in the first, second and third orders in diverse substrates. The total coliforms, Escherichia coli and Salmonella sp. were evaluated in terms of their CFU/ml. In the interstitial samples, coliforms were detected in 100% of the samples. The total coliform counts had higher values at intermediate depths, while E. coli and Salmonella spp. instead had higher values at intermediate and large depths, often reaching or exceeding the values of the surface samples. Our results revealed that Salmonella spp. and the coliforms have different microhabitat preferences. Salmonella spp. and coliform species prefer deposition areas, such as lateral sides of pools, curves and bars, but they have a tendency to distribute into different depths, likely due to temperature differences. Salmonella spp. prefer compact substrata, with fewer fluids passing through and with upwelling areas with lower oxygen inflow. The coliform species showed the opposite preference. Our results suggest that bacterial variation is related to environmental factors and physical-chemical parameters within the HZ and may play a key role in the microbial diversity and distribution in these ecosystems. Public Library of Science 2015-06-12 /pmc/articles/PMC4466359/ /pubmed/26067288 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0129382 Text en © 2015 Mugnai et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Mugnai, Riccardo
Sattamini, Ana
Albuquerque dos Santos, José Augusto
Regua-Mangia, Adriana Hamond
A Survey of Escherichia coli and Salmonella in the Hyporheic Zone of a Subtropical Stream: Their Bacteriological, Physicochemical and Environmental Relationships
title A Survey of Escherichia coli and Salmonella in the Hyporheic Zone of a Subtropical Stream: Their Bacteriological, Physicochemical and Environmental Relationships
title_full A Survey of Escherichia coli and Salmonella in the Hyporheic Zone of a Subtropical Stream: Their Bacteriological, Physicochemical and Environmental Relationships
title_fullStr A Survey of Escherichia coli and Salmonella in the Hyporheic Zone of a Subtropical Stream: Their Bacteriological, Physicochemical and Environmental Relationships
title_full_unstemmed A Survey of Escherichia coli and Salmonella in the Hyporheic Zone of a Subtropical Stream: Their Bacteriological, Physicochemical and Environmental Relationships
title_short A Survey of Escherichia coli and Salmonella in the Hyporheic Zone of a Subtropical Stream: Their Bacteriological, Physicochemical and Environmental Relationships
title_sort survey of escherichia coli and salmonella in the hyporheic zone of a subtropical stream: their bacteriological, physicochemical and environmental relationships
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4466359/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26067288
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0129382
work_keys_str_mv AT mugnairiccardo asurveyofescherichiacoliandsalmonellainthehyporheiczoneofasubtropicalstreamtheirbacteriologicalphysicochemicalandenvironmentalrelationships
AT sattaminiana asurveyofescherichiacoliandsalmonellainthehyporheiczoneofasubtropicalstreamtheirbacteriologicalphysicochemicalandenvironmentalrelationships
AT albuquerquedossantosjoseaugusto asurveyofescherichiacoliandsalmonellainthehyporheiczoneofasubtropicalstreamtheirbacteriologicalphysicochemicalandenvironmentalrelationships
AT reguamangiaadrianahamond asurveyofescherichiacoliandsalmonellainthehyporheiczoneofasubtropicalstreamtheirbacteriologicalphysicochemicalandenvironmentalrelationships
AT mugnairiccardo surveyofescherichiacoliandsalmonellainthehyporheiczoneofasubtropicalstreamtheirbacteriologicalphysicochemicalandenvironmentalrelationships
AT sattaminiana surveyofescherichiacoliandsalmonellainthehyporheiczoneofasubtropicalstreamtheirbacteriologicalphysicochemicalandenvironmentalrelationships
AT albuquerquedossantosjoseaugusto surveyofescherichiacoliandsalmonellainthehyporheiczoneofasubtropicalstreamtheirbacteriologicalphysicochemicalandenvironmentalrelationships
AT reguamangiaadrianahamond surveyofescherichiacoliandsalmonellainthehyporheiczoneofasubtropicalstreamtheirbacteriologicalphysicochemicalandenvironmentalrelationships