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Challenges in understanding psychiatric disorders and developing therapeutics: a role for zebrafish

The treatment of psychiatric disorders presents three major challenges to the research and clinical community: defining a genotype associated with a disorder, characterizing the molecular pathology of each disorder and developing new therapies. This Review addresses how cellular and animal systems c...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: McCammon, Jasmine M., Sive, Hazel
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: The Company of Biologists 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4486859/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26092527
http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dmm.019620
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author McCammon, Jasmine M.
Sive, Hazel
author_facet McCammon, Jasmine M.
Sive, Hazel
author_sort McCammon, Jasmine M.
collection PubMed
description The treatment of psychiatric disorders presents three major challenges to the research and clinical community: defining a genotype associated with a disorder, characterizing the molecular pathology of each disorder and developing new therapies. This Review addresses how cellular and animal systems can help to meet these challenges, with an emphasis on the role of the zebrafish. Genetic changes account for a large proportion of psychiatric disorders and, as gene variants that predispose to psychiatric disease are beginning to be identified in patients, these are tractable for study in cellular and animal systems. Defining cellular and molecular criteria associated with each disorder will help to uncover causal physiological changes in patients and will lead to more objective diagnostic criteria. These criteria should also define co-morbid pathologies within the nervous system or in other organ systems. The definition of genotypes and of any associated pathophysiology is integral to the development of new therapies. Cell culture-based approaches can address these challenges by identifying cellular pathology and by high-throughput screening of gene variants and potential therapeutics. Whole-animal systems can define the broadest function of disorder-associated gene variants and the organismal impact of candidate medications. Given its evolutionary conservation with humans and its experimental tractability, the zebrafish offers several advantages to psychiatric disorder research. These include assays ranging from molecular to behavioural, and capability for chemical screening. There is optimism that the multiple approaches discussed here will link together effectively to provide new diagnostics and treatments for psychiatric patients.
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spelling pubmed-44868592015-07-10 Challenges in understanding psychiatric disorders and developing therapeutics: a role for zebrafish McCammon, Jasmine M. Sive, Hazel Dis Model Mech Review The treatment of psychiatric disorders presents three major challenges to the research and clinical community: defining a genotype associated with a disorder, characterizing the molecular pathology of each disorder and developing new therapies. This Review addresses how cellular and animal systems can help to meet these challenges, with an emphasis on the role of the zebrafish. Genetic changes account for a large proportion of psychiatric disorders and, as gene variants that predispose to psychiatric disease are beginning to be identified in patients, these are tractable for study in cellular and animal systems. Defining cellular and molecular criteria associated with each disorder will help to uncover causal physiological changes in patients and will lead to more objective diagnostic criteria. These criteria should also define co-morbid pathologies within the nervous system or in other organ systems. The definition of genotypes and of any associated pathophysiology is integral to the development of new therapies. Cell culture-based approaches can address these challenges by identifying cellular pathology and by high-throughput screening of gene variants and potential therapeutics. Whole-animal systems can define the broadest function of disorder-associated gene variants and the organismal impact of candidate medications. Given its evolutionary conservation with humans and its experimental tractability, the zebrafish offers several advantages to psychiatric disorder research. These include assays ranging from molecular to behavioural, and capability for chemical screening. There is optimism that the multiple approaches discussed here will link together effectively to provide new diagnostics and treatments for psychiatric patients. The Company of Biologists 2015-07-01 /pmc/articles/PMC4486859/ /pubmed/26092527 http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dmm.019620 Text en © 2015. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided that the original work is properly attributed.
spellingShingle Review
McCammon, Jasmine M.
Sive, Hazel
Challenges in understanding psychiatric disorders and developing therapeutics: a role for zebrafish
title Challenges in understanding psychiatric disorders and developing therapeutics: a role for zebrafish
title_full Challenges in understanding psychiatric disorders and developing therapeutics: a role for zebrafish
title_fullStr Challenges in understanding psychiatric disorders and developing therapeutics: a role for zebrafish
title_full_unstemmed Challenges in understanding psychiatric disorders and developing therapeutics: a role for zebrafish
title_short Challenges in understanding psychiatric disorders and developing therapeutics: a role for zebrafish
title_sort challenges in understanding psychiatric disorders and developing therapeutics: a role for zebrafish
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4486859/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26092527
http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dmm.019620
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