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Sex differences in white matter integrity in youths with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a pilot study

Widespread disparities in white matter (WM) microstructure and organization have been found in adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD); however, little is known about the role sex plays in these differences. The present diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) study performed whole-br...

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Autores principales: King, Jace B., Yurgelun-Todd, Deborah, Stoeckel, Amanda, DiMuzio, Jennifer M., Lopez-Larson, Melissa P.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4490341/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26190967
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2015.00232
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author King, Jace B.
Yurgelun-Todd, Deborah
Stoeckel, Amanda
DiMuzio, Jennifer M.
Lopez-Larson, Melissa P.
author_facet King, Jace B.
Yurgelun-Todd, Deborah
Stoeckel, Amanda
DiMuzio, Jennifer M.
Lopez-Larson, Melissa P.
author_sort King, Jace B.
collection PubMed
description Widespread disparities in white matter (WM) microstructure and organization have been found in adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD); however, little is known about the role sex plays in these differences. The present diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) study performed whole-brain, tract-based, voxel-wise, and region of interest (ROI) analyses to investigate WM microstructure differences between ADHD and healthy control (HC) adolescents to examine the impact of sex on measures of fractional anisotropy (FA). Eighteen adolescents with ADHD and 24 HC were included in this study. All participants received a 64-direction DTI scan on a 3 Tesla Siemens scanner. FSL's TBSS was used to perform whole-brain, tract-based, voxel-wise analyses. Tracts demonstrating significant sex-by-diagnosis interactions were further evaluated using univariate analyses performed on mean FA data that were extracted from ROIs using the Johns Hopkins University WM tractography atlas. TBSS analyses between diagnostic groups revealed significantly increased FA in HC relative to ADHD in the bilateral superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF), forceps major, left cingulum, and bilateral callosal regions. In addition, both TBSS and separate ROI analyses revealed significant sex-by-diagnosis interactions for the corticospinal tract (CST), inferior longitudinal fasciculus (ILF) and SLF. In the HC group, FA was increased in males relative to females for all analyses. In WM regions demonstrating a significant sex-by-diagnosis, FA was increased in females relative to males in the ADHD group. Our findings suggest that WM microstructure in several major WM tracts differs between males and females with ADHD. These differences in WM microstructure may account for some of the differences in ADHD subtypes and comorbidities seen between the sexes. Additional studies in ADHD, examining sex differences in phenotypic expression, treatment response and brain network trajectories are warranted.
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spelling pubmed-44903412015-07-17 Sex differences in white matter integrity in youths with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a pilot study King, Jace B. Yurgelun-Todd, Deborah Stoeckel, Amanda DiMuzio, Jennifer M. Lopez-Larson, Melissa P. Front Neurosci Psychiatry Widespread disparities in white matter (WM) microstructure and organization have been found in adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD); however, little is known about the role sex plays in these differences. The present diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) study performed whole-brain, tract-based, voxel-wise, and region of interest (ROI) analyses to investigate WM microstructure differences between ADHD and healthy control (HC) adolescents to examine the impact of sex on measures of fractional anisotropy (FA). Eighteen adolescents with ADHD and 24 HC were included in this study. All participants received a 64-direction DTI scan on a 3 Tesla Siemens scanner. FSL's TBSS was used to perform whole-brain, tract-based, voxel-wise analyses. Tracts demonstrating significant sex-by-diagnosis interactions were further evaluated using univariate analyses performed on mean FA data that were extracted from ROIs using the Johns Hopkins University WM tractography atlas. TBSS analyses between diagnostic groups revealed significantly increased FA in HC relative to ADHD in the bilateral superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF), forceps major, left cingulum, and bilateral callosal regions. In addition, both TBSS and separate ROI analyses revealed significant sex-by-diagnosis interactions for the corticospinal tract (CST), inferior longitudinal fasciculus (ILF) and SLF. In the HC group, FA was increased in males relative to females for all analyses. In WM regions demonstrating a significant sex-by-diagnosis, FA was increased in females relative to males in the ADHD group. Our findings suggest that WM microstructure in several major WM tracts differs between males and females with ADHD. These differences in WM microstructure may account for some of the differences in ADHD subtypes and comorbidities seen between the sexes. Additional studies in ADHD, examining sex differences in phenotypic expression, treatment response and brain network trajectories are warranted. Frontiers Media S.A. 2015-07-03 /pmc/articles/PMC4490341/ /pubmed/26190967 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2015.00232 Text en Copyright © 2015 King, Yurgelun-Todd, Stoeckel, DiMuzio and Lopez-Larson. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Psychiatry
King, Jace B.
Yurgelun-Todd, Deborah
Stoeckel, Amanda
DiMuzio, Jennifer M.
Lopez-Larson, Melissa P.
Sex differences in white matter integrity in youths with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a pilot study
title Sex differences in white matter integrity in youths with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a pilot study
title_full Sex differences in white matter integrity in youths with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a pilot study
title_fullStr Sex differences in white matter integrity in youths with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a pilot study
title_full_unstemmed Sex differences in white matter integrity in youths with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a pilot study
title_short Sex differences in white matter integrity in youths with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a pilot study
title_sort sex differences in white matter integrity in youths with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a pilot study
topic Psychiatry
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4490341/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26190967
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2015.00232
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