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Conduction block in myelinated axons induced by high-frequency (kHz) non-symmetric biphasic stimulation

This study used the Frankenhaeuser–Huxley axonal model to analyze the effects of non-symmetric waveforms on conduction block of myelinated axons induced by high-frequency (10–300 kHz) biphasic electrical stimulation. The results predict a monotonic relationship between block threshold and stimulatio...

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Autores principales: Zhao, Shouguo, Yang, Guangning, Wang, Jicheng, Roppolo, James R., de Groat, William C., Tai, Changfeng
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4491630/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26217217
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fncom.2015.00086
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author Zhao, Shouguo
Yang, Guangning
Wang, Jicheng
Roppolo, James R.
de Groat, William C.
Tai, Changfeng
author_facet Zhao, Shouguo
Yang, Guangning
Wang, Jicheng
Roppolo, James R.
de Groat, William C.
Tai, Changfeng
author_sort Zhao, Shouguo
collection PubMed
description This study used the Frankenhaeuser–Huxley axonal model to analyze the effects of non-symmetric waveforms on conduction block of myelinated axons induced by high-frequency (10–300 kHz) biphasic electrical stimulation. The results predict a monotonic relationship between block threshold and stimulation frequency for symmetric waveform and a non-monotonic relationship for non-symmetric waveforms. The symmetric waveform causes conduction block by constantly activating both sodium and potassium channels at frequencies of 20–300 kHz, while the non-symmetric waveforms share the same blocking mechanism from 20 kHz up to the peak threshold frequency. At the frequencies above the peak threshold frequency the non-symmetric waveforms block axonal conduction by either hyperpolarizing the membrane (if the positive pulse is longer) or depolarizing the membrane (if the negative pulse is longer). This simulation study further increases our understanding of conduction block in myelinated axons induced by high-frequency biphasic electrical stimulation, and can guide future animal experiments as well as optimize stimulation parameters that might be used for electrically induced nerve block in clinical applications.
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spelling pubmed-44916302015-07-27 Conduction block in myelinated axons induced by high-frequency (kHz) non-symmetric biphasic stimulation Zhao, Shouguo Yang, Guangning Wang, Jicheng Roppolo, James R. de Groat, William C. Tai, Changfeng Front Comput Neurosci Neuroscience This study used the Frankenhaeuser–Huxley axonal model to analyze the effects of non-symmetric waveforms on conduction block of myelinated axons induced by high-frequency (10–300 kHz) biphasic electrical stimulation. The results predict a monotonic relationship between block threshold and stimulation frequency for symmetric waveform and a non-monotonic relationship for non-symmetric waveforms. The symmetric waveform causes conduction block by constantly activating both sodium and potassium channels at frequencies of 20–300 kHz, while the non-symmetric waveforms share the same blocking mechanism from 20 kHz up to the peak threshold frequency. At the frequencies above the peak threshold frequency the non-symmetric waveforms block axonal conduction by either hyperpolarizing the membrane (if the positive pulse is longer) or depolarizing the membrane (if the negative pulse is longer). This simulation study further increases our understanding of conduction block in myelinated axons induced by high-frequency biphasic electrical stimulation, and can guide future animal experiments as well as optimize stimulation parameters that might be used for electrically induced nerve block in clinical applications. Frontiers Media S.A. 2015-07-06 /pmc/articles/PMC4491630/ /pubmed/26217217 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fncom.2015.00086 Text en Copyright © 2015 Zhao, Yang, Wang, Roppolo, de Groat and Tai. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Neuroscience
Zhao, Shouguo
Yang, Guangning
Wang, Jicheng
Roppolo, James R.
de Groat, William C.
Tai, Changfeng
Conduction block in myelinated axons induced by high-frequency (kHz) non-symmetric biphasic stimulation
title Conduction block in myelinated axons induced by high-frequency (kHz) non-symmetric biphasic stimulation
title_full Conduction block in myelinated axons induced by high-frequency (kHz) non-symmetric biphasic stimulation
title_fullStr Conduction block in myelinated axons induced by high-frequency (kHz) non-symmetric biphasic stimulation
title_full_unstemmed Conduction block in myelinated axons induced by high-frequency (kHz) non-symmetric biphasic stimulation
title_short Conduction block in myelinated axons induced by high-frequency (kHz) non-symmetric biphasic stimulation
title_sort conduction block in myelinated axons induced by high-frequency (khz) non-symmetric biphasic stimulation
topic Neuroscience
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4491630/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26217217
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fncom.2015.00086
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