Cargando…
Lymphoma: Immune Evasion Strategies
While the cellular origin of lymphoma is often characterized by chromosomal translocations and other genetic aberrations, its growth and development into a malignant neoplasm is highly dependent upon its ability to escape natural host defenses. Neoplastic cells interact with a variety of non-maligna...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2015
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4491682/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25941795 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers7020736 |
_version_ | 1782379682777268224 |
---|---|
author | Upadhyay, Ranjan Hammerich, Linda Peng, Paul Brown, Brian Merad, Miriam Brody, Joshua D. |
author_facet | Upadhyay, Ranjan Hammerich, Linda Peng, Paul Brown, Brian Merad, Miriam Brody, Joshua D. |
author_sort | Upadhyay, Ranjan |
collection | PubMed |
description | While the cellular origin of lymphoma is often characterized by chromosomal translocations and other genetic aberrations, its growth and development into a malignant neoplasm is highly dependent upon its ability to escape natural host defenses. Neoplastic cells interact with a variety of non-malignant cells in the tumor milieu to create an immunosuppressive microenvironment. The resulting functional impairment and dysregulation of tumor-associated immune cells not only allows for passive growth of the malignancy but may even provide active growth signals upon which the tumor subsequently becomes dependent. In the past decade, the success of immune checkpoint blockade and adoptive cell transfer for relapsed or refractory lymphomas has validated immunotherapy as a possible treatment cornerstone. Here, we review the mechanisms by which lymphomas have been found to evade and even reprogram the immune system, including alterations in surface molecules, recruitment of immunosuppressive subpopulations, and secretion of anti-inflammatory factors. A fundamental understanding of the immune evasion strategies utilized by lymphomas may lead to better prognostic markers and guide the development of targeted interventions that are both safer and more effective than current standards of care. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4491682 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2015 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-44916822015-07-06 Lymphoma: Immune Evasion Strategies Upadhyay, Ranjan Hammerich, Linda Peng, Paul Brown, Brian Merad, Miriam Brody, Joshua D. Cancers (Basel) Review While the cellular origin of lymphoma is often characterized by chromosomal translocations and other genetic aberrations, its growth and development into a malignant neoplasm is highly dependent upon its ability to escape natural host defenses. Neoplastic cells interact with a variety of non-malignant cells in the tumor milieu to create an immunosuppressive microenvironment. The resulting functional impairment and dysregulation of tumor-associated immune cells not only allows for passive growth of the malignancy but may even provide active growth signals upon which the tumor subsequently becomes dependent. In the past decade, the success of immune checkpoint blockade and adoptive cell transfer for relapsed or refractory lymphomas has validated immunotherapy as a possible treatment cornerstone. Here, we review the mechanisms by which lymphomas have been found to evade and even reprogram the immune system, including alterations in surface molecules, recruitment of immunosuppressive subpopulations, and secretion of anti-inflammatory factors. A fundamental understanding of the immune evasion strategies utilized by lymphomas may lead to better prognostic markers and guide the development of targeted interventions that are both safer and more effective than current standards of care. MDPI 2015-04-30 /pmc/articles/PMC4491682/ /pubmed/25941795 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers7020736 Text en © 2015 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Upadhyay, Ranjan Hammerich, Linda Peng, Paul Brown, Brian Merad, Miriam Brody, Joshua D. Lymphoma: Immune Evasion Strategies |
title | Lymphoma: Immune Evasion Strategies |
title_full | Lymphoma: Immune Evasion Strategies |
title_fullStr | Lymphoma: Immune Evasion Strategies |
title_full_unstemmed | Lymphoma: Immune Evasion Strategies |
title_short | Lymphoma: Immune Evasion Strategies |
title_sort | lymphoma: immune evasion strategies |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4491682/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25941795 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers7020736 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT upadhyayranjan lymphomaimmuneevasionstrategies AT hammerichlinda lymphomaimmuneevasionstrategies AT pengpaul lymphomaimmuneevasionstrategies AT brownbrian lymphomaimmuneevasionstrategies AT meradmiriam lymphomaimmuneevasionstrategies AT brodyjoshuad lymphomaimmuneevasionstrategies |