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Lymphoma: Immune Evasion Strategies

While the cellular origin of lymphoma is often characterized by chromosomal translocations and other genetic aberrations, its growth and development into a malignant neoplasm is highly dependent upon its ability to escape natural host defenses. Neoplastic cells interact with a variety of non-maligna...

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Autores principales: Upadhyay, Ranjan, Hammerich, Linda, Peng, Paul, Brown, Brian, Merad, Miriam, Brody, Joshua D.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4491682/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25941795
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers7020736
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author Upadhyay, Ranjan
Hammerich, Linda
Peng, Paul
Brown, Brian
Merad, Miriam
Brody, Joshua D.
author_facet Upadhyay, Ranjan
Hammerich, Linda
Peng, Paul
Brown, Brian
Merad, Miriam
Brody, Joshua D.
author_sort Upadhyay, Ranjan
collection PubMed
description While the cellular origin of lymphoma is often characterized by chromosomal translocations and other genetic aberrations, its growth and development into a malignant neoplasm is highly dependent upon its ability to escape natural host defenses. Neoplastic cells interact with a variety of non-malignant cells in the tumor milieu to create an immunosuppressive microenvironment. The resulting functional impairment and dysregulation of tumor-associated immune cells not only allows for passive growth of the malignancy but may even provide active growth signals upon which the tumor subsequently becomes dependent. In the past decade, the success of immune checkpoint blockade and adoptive cell transfer for relapsed or refractory lymphomas has validated immunotherapy as a possible treatment cornerstone. Here, we review the mechanisms by which lymphomas have been found to evade and even reprogram the immune system, including alterations in surface molecules, recruitment of immunosuppressive subpopulations, and secretion of anti-inflammatory factors. A fundamental understanding of the immune evasion strategies utilized by lymphomas may lead to better prognostic markers and guide the development of targeted interventions that are both safer and more effective than current standards of care.
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spelling pubmed-44916822015-07-06 Lymphoma: Immune Evasion Strategies Upadhyay, Ranjan Hammerich, Linda Peng, Paul Brown, Brian Merad, Miriam Brody, Joshua D. Cancers (Basel) Review While the cellular origin of lymphoma is often characterized by chromosomal translocations and other genetic aberrations, its growth and development into a malignant neoplasm is highly dependent upon its ability to escape natural host defenses. Neoplastic cells interact with a variety of non-malignant cells in the tumor milieu to create an immunosuppressive microenvironment. The resulting functional impairment and dysregulation of tumor-associated immune cells not only allows for passive growth of the malignancy but may even provide active growth signals upon which the tumor subsequently becomes dependent. In the past decade, the success of immune checkpoint blockade and adoptive cell transfer for relapsed or refractory lymphomas has validated immunotherapy as a possible treatment cornerstone. Here, we review the mechanisms by which lymphomas have been found to evade and even reprogram the immune system, including alterations in surface molecules, recruitment of immunosuppressive subpopulations, and secretion of anti-inflammatory factors. A fundamental understanding of the immune evasion strategies utilized by lymphomas may lead to better prognostic markers and guide the development of targeted interventions that are both safer and more effective than current standards of care. MDPI 2015-04-30 /pmc/articles/PMC4491682/ /pubmed/25941795 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers7020736 Text en © 2015 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Upadhyay, Ranjan
Hammerich, Linda
Peng, Paul
Brown, Brian
Merad, Miriam
Brody, Joshua D.
Lymphoma: Immune Evasion Strategies
title Lymphoma: Immune Evasion Strategies
title_full Lymphoma: Immune Evasion Strategies
title_fullStr Lymphoma: Immune Evasion Strategies
title_full_unstemmed Lymphoma: Immune Evasion Strategies
title_short Lymphoma: Immune Evasion Strategies
title_sort lymphoma: immune evasion strategies
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4491682/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25941795
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers7020736
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