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Lipid Nanoparticles for Ocular Gene Delivery

Lipids contain hydrocarbons and are the building blocks of cells. Lipids can naturally form themselves into nano-films and nano-structures, micelles, reverse micelles, and liposomes. Micelles or reverse micelles are monolayer structures, whereas liposomes are bilayer structures. Liposomes have been...

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Autores principales: Wang, Yuhong, Rajala, Ammaji, Rajala, Raju V. S.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4493518/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26062170
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jfb6020379
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author Wang, Yuhong
Rajala, Ammaji
Rajala, Raju V. S.
author_facet Wang, Yuhong
Rajala, Ammaji
Rajala, Raju V. S.
author_sort Wang, Yuhong
collection PubMed
description Lipids contain hydrocarbons and are the building blocks of cells. Lipids can naturally form themselves into nano-films and nano-structures, micelles, reverse micelles, and liposomes. Micelles or reverse micelles are monolayer structures, whereas liposomes are bilayer structures. Liposomes have been recognized as carriers for drug delivery. Solid lipid nanoparticles and lipoplex (liposome-polycation-DNA complex), also called lipid nanoparticles, are currently used to deliver drugs and genes to ocular tissues. A solid lipid nanoparticle (SLN) is typically spherical, and possesses a solid lipid core matrix that can solubilize lipophilic molecules. The lipid nanoparticle, called the liposome protamine/DNA lipoplex (LPD), is electrostatically assembled from cationic liposomes and an anionic protamine-DNA complex. The LPD nanoparticles contain a highly condensed DNA core surrounded by lipid bilayers. SLNs are extensively used to deliver drugs to the cornea. LPD nanoparticles are used to target the retina. Age-related macular degeneration, retinitis pigmentosa, and diabetic retinopathy are the most common retinal diseases in humans. There have also been promising results achieved recently with LPD nanoparticles to deliver functional genes and micro RNA to treat retinal diseases. Here, we review recent advances in ocular drug and gene delivery employing lipid nanoparticles.
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spelling pubmed-44935182015-07-07 Lipid Nanoparticles for Ocular Gene Delivery Wang, Yuhong Rajala, Ammaji Rajala, Raju V. S. J Funct Biomater Review Lipids contain hydrocarbons and are the building blocks of cells. Lipids can naturally form themselves into nano-films and nano-structures, micelles, reverse micelles, and liposomes. Micelles or reverse micelles are monolayer structures, whereas liposomes are bilayer structures. Liposomes have been recognized as carriers for drug delivery. Solid lipid nanoparticles and lipoplex (liposome-polycation-DNA complex), also called lipid nanoparticles, are currently used to deliver drugs and genes to ocular tissues. A solid lipid nanoparticle (SLN) is typically spherical, and possesses a solid lipid core matrix that can solubilize lipophilic molecules. The lipid nanoparticle, called the liposome protamine/DNA lipoplex (LPD), is electrostatically assembled from cationic liposomes and an anionic protamine-DNA complex. The LPD nanoparticles contain a highly condensed DNA core surrounded by lipid bilayers. SLNs are extensively used to deliver drugs to the cornea. LPD nanoparticles are used to target the retina. Age-related macular degeneration, retinitis pigmentosa, and diabetic retinopathy are the most common retinal diseases in humans. There have also been promising results achieved recently with LPD nanoparticles to deliver functional genes and micro RNA to treat retinal diseases. Here, we review recent advances in ocular drug and gene delivery employing lipid nanoparticles. MDPI 2015-06-08 /pmc/articles/PMC4493518/ /pubmed/26062170 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jfb6020379 Text en © 2015 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Wang, Yuhong
Rajala, Ammaji
Rajala, Raju V. S.
Lipid Nanoparticles for Ocular Gene Delivery
title Lipid Nanoparticles for Ocular Gene Delivery
title_full Lipid Nanoparticles for Ocular Gene Delivery
title_fullStr Lipid Nanoparticles for Ocular Gene Delivery
title_full_unstemmed Lipid Nanoparticles for Ocular Gene Delivery
title_short Lipid Nanoparticles for Ocular Gene Delivery
title_sort lipid nanoparticles for ocular gene delivery
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4493518/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26062170
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jfb6020379
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