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Expertise and decision-making in American football

In American football, pass interference calls can be difficult to make, especially when the timing of contact between players is ambiguous. American football history contains many examples of controversial pass interference decisions, often with fans, players, and officials interpreting the same eve...

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Autores principales: Woods, Adam J., Kranjec, Alexander, Lehet, Matt, Chatterjee, Anjan
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4499674/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26217294
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00994
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author Woods, Adam J.
Kranjec, Alexander
Lehet, Matt
Chatterjee, Anjan
author_facet Woods, Adam J.
Kranjec, Alexander
Lehet, Matt
Chatterjee, Anjan
author_sort Woods, Adam J.
collection PubMed
description In American football, pass interference calls can be difficult to make, especially when the timing of contact between players is ambiguous. American football history contains many examples of controversial pass interference decisions, often with fans, players, and officials interpreting the same event differently. The current study sought to evaluate the influence of experience with concepts important for officiating decisions in American football on the probability (i.e., response criteria) of pass interference calls. We further investigated the extent to which such experience modulates perceptual biases that might influence the interpretation of such events. We hypothesized that observers with less experience with the American football concepts important for pass interference would make progressively more pass interference calls than more experienced observers, even when given an explicit description of the necessary criteria for a pass interference call. In a go/no-go experiment using photographs from American football games, three groups of participants with different levels of experience with American football (Football Naïve, Football Player, and Football Official) made pass interference calls for pictures depicting left-moving and right-moving events. More experience was associated with progressively and significantly fewer pass interference calls [F((2,48)) = 10.4, p < 0.001], with Football Naïve participants making the most pass interference calls, and Football Officials the least. In addition, our data replicated a prior finding of spatial biases for interpreting left-moving images more harshly than identical right-moving images, but only in Football Players. These data suggest that experience with the concepts important for making a decision may influence the rate of decision-making, and may also play a role in susceptibility to spatial biases.
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spelling pubmed-44996742015-07-27 Expertise and decision-making in American football Woods, Adam J. Kranjec, Alexander Lehet, Matt Chatterjee, Anjan Front Psychol Psychology In American football, pass interference calls can be difficult to make, especially when the timing of contact between players is ambiguous. American football history contains many examples of controversial pass interference decisions, often with fans, players, and officials interpreting the same event differently. The current study sought to evaluate the influence of experience with concepts important for officiating decisions in American football on the probability (i.e., response criteria) of pass interference calls. We further investigated the extent to which such experience modulates perceptual biases that might influence the interpretation of such events. We hypothesized that observers with less experience with the American football concepts important for pass interference would make progressively more pass interference calls than more experienced observers, even when given an explicit description of the necessary criteria for a pass interference call. In a go/no-go experiment using photographs from American football games, three groups of participants with different levels of experience with American football (Football Naïve, Football Player, and Football Official) made pass interference calls for pictures depicting left-moving and right-moving events. More experience was associated with progressively and significantly fewer pass interference calls [F((2,48)) = 10.4, p < 0.001], with Football Naïve participants making the most pass interference calls, and Football Officials the least. In addition, our data replicated a prior finding of spatial biases for interpreting left-moving images more harshly than identical right-moving images, but only in Football Players. These data suggest that experience with the concepts important for making a decision may influence the rate of decision-making, and may also play a role in susceptibility to spatial biases. Frontiers Media S.A. 2015-07-13 /pmc/articles/PMC4499674/ /pubmed/26217294 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00994 Text en Copyright © 2015 Woods, Kranjec, Lehet and Chatterjee. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Psychology
Woods, Adam J.
Kranjec, Alexander
Lehet, Matt
Chatterjee, Anjan
Expertise and decision-making in American football
title Expertise and decision-making in American football
title_full Expertise and decision-making in American football
title_fullStr Expertise and decision-making in American football
title_full_unstemmed Expertise and decision-making in American football
title_short Expertise and decision-making in American football
title_sort expertise and decision-making in american football
topic Psychology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4499674/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26217294
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00994
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