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Stimulating Anopheles gambiae swarms in the laboratory: application for behavioural and fitness studies
BACKGROUND: Male Anopheles mosquitoes that swarm rely in part on features of the environment including visual stimuli to locate swarms. Swarming is believed to be the primary behaviour during which mating occurs in the field, but is not a common behaviour in the laboratory. Features that stimulate m...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2015
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4501190/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26169677 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12936-015-0792-2 |
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author | Facchinelli, Luca Valerio, Laura Lees, Rosemary S Oliva, Clelia F Persampieri, Tania Collins, C Matilda Crisanti, Andrea Spaccapelo, Roberta Benedict, Mark Q |
author_facet | Facchinelli, Luca Valerio, Laura Lees, Rosemary S Oliva, Clelia F Persampieri, Tania Collins, C Matilda Crisanti, Andrea Spaccapelo, Roberta Benedict, Mark Q |
author_sort | Facchinelli, Luca |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Male Anopheles mosquitoes that swarm rely in part on features of the environment including visual stimuli to locate swarms. Swarming is believed to be the primary behaviour during which mating occurs in the field, but is not a common behaviour in the laboratory. Features that stimulate male Anopheles gambiae G3 strain swarming were created in novel large indoor cages. METHODS: The following visual features were tested in all combinations to determine which were important for swarm formation. Large cages and fading ceiling lights at dusk alone did not stimulate swarming while a dark foreground and contrasting illuminated background with a contrasting landmark stimulated and localized swarm formation during artificial twilight. Given the need to test transgenic strains in as natural a setting as possible, in this study it was investigated whether induced swarm behaviour and cage size would affect relative mating performance of wild-type and transgenic β2Ppo1 and β2Ppo2 A. gambiae sexually sterile males. RESULTS: Even using a mosquito colony that has been in laboratory culture for 39 years, swarming behaviour was induced by this novel arrangement. The presence of swarming stimuli was associated with an increase in insemination frequency from 74.3 to 97.7% in large cages. Transgenic males showed a lower competitiveness in large cages compared to small cages regardless of the presence of swarming stimuli. CONCLUSIONS: The results of the present study are discussed in view of the progressive evaluation of genetically modified A. gambiae strains and the potential applications of reproducing swarms in controlled conditions to dissect the mating behaviour of this species and the mechanisms controlling it. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4501190 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2015 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-45011902015-07-15 Stimulating Anopheles gambiae swarms in the laboratory: application for behavioural and fitness studies Facchinelli, Luca Valerio, Laura Lees, Rosemary S Oliva, Clelia F Persampieri, Tania Collins, C Matilda Crisanti, Andrea Spaccapelo, Roberta Benedict, Mark Q Malar J Research BACKGROUND: Male Anopheles mosquitoes that swarm rely in part on features of the environment including visual stimuli to locate swarms. Swarming is believed to be the primary behaviour during which mating occurs in the field, but is not a common behaviour in the laboratory. Features that stimulate male Anopheles gambiae G3 strain swarming were created in novel large indoor cages. METHODS: The following visual features were tested in all combinations to determine which were important for swarm formation. Large cages and fading ceiling lights at dusk alone did not stimulate swarming while a dark foreground and contrasting illuminated background with a contrasting landmark stimulated and localized swarm formation during artificial twilight. Given the need to test transgenic strains in as natural a setting as possible, in this study it was investigated whether induced swarm behaviour and cage size would affect relative mating performance of wild-type and transgenic β2Ppo1 and β2Ppo2 A. gambiae sexually sterile males. RESULTS: Even using a mosquito colony that has been in laboratory culture for 39 years, swarming behaviour was induced by this novel arrangement. The presence of swarming stimuli was associated with an increase in insemination frequency from 74.3 to 97.7% in large cages. Transgenic males showed a lower competitiveness in large cages compared to small cages regardless of the presence of swarming stimuli. CONCLUSIONS: The results of the present study are discussed in view of the progressive evaluation of genetically modified A. gambiae strains and the potential applications of reproducing swarms in controlled conditions to dissect the mating behaviour of this species and the mechanisms controlling it. BioMed Central 2015-07-15 /pmc/articles/PMC4501190/ /pubmed/26169677 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12936-015-0792-2 Text en © Facchinelli et al. 2015 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. |
spellingShingle | Research Facchinelli, Luca Valerio, Laura Lees, Rosemary S Oliva, Clelia F Persampieri, Tania Collins, C Matilda Crisanti, Andrea Spaccapelo, Roberta Benedict, Mark Q Stimulating Anopheles gambiae swarms in the laboratory: application for behavioural and fitness studies |
title | Stimulating Anopheles gambiae swarms in the laboratory: application for behavioural and fitness studies |
title_full | Stimulating Anopheles gambiae swarms in the laboratory: application for behavioural and fitness studies |
title_fullStr | Stimulating Anopheles gambiae swarms in the laboratory: application for behavioural and fitness studies |
title_full_unstemmed | Stimulating Anopheles gambiae swarms in the laboratory: application for behavioural and fitness studies |
title_short | Stimulating Anopheles gambiae swarms in the laboratory: application for behavioural and fitness studies |
title_sort | stimulating anopheles gambiae swarms in the laboratory: application for behavioural and fitness studies |
topic | Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4501190/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26169677 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12936-015-0792-2 |
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