Cargando…

Spatial and temporal changes in cumulative human impacts on the world's ocean

Human pressures on the ocean are thought to be increasing globally, yet we know little about their patterns of cumulative change, which pressures are most responsible for change, and which places are experiencing the greatest increases. Managers and policymakers require such information to make stra...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Halpern, Benjamin S., Frazier, Melanie, Potapenko, John, Casey, Kenneth S., Koenig, Kellee, Longo, Catherine, Lowndes, Julia Stewart, Rockwood, R. Cotton, Selig, Elizabeth R., Selkoe, Kimberly A., Walbridge, Shaun
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Pub. Group 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4510691/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26172980
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncomms8615
_version_ 1782382219278417920
author Halpern, Benjamin S.
Frazier, Melanie
Potapenko, John
Casey, Kenneth S.
Koenig, Kellee
Longo, Catherine
Lowndes, Julia Stewart
Rockwood, R. Cotton
Selig, Elizabeth R.
Selkoe, Kimberly A.
Walbridge, Shaun
author_facet Halpern, Benjamin S.
Frazier, Melanie
Potapenko, John
Casey, Kenneth S.
Koenig, Kellee
Longo, Catherine
Lowndes, Julia Stewart
Rockwood, R. Cotton
Selig, Elizabeth R.
Selkoe, Kimberly A.
Walbridge, Shaun
author_sort Halpern, Benjamin S.
collection PubMed
description Human pressures on the ocean are thought to be increasing globally, yet we know little about their patterns of cumulative change, which pressures are most responsible for change, and which places are experiencing the greatest increases. Managers and policymakers require such information to make strategic decisions and monitor progress towards management objectives. Here we calculate and map recent change over 5 years in cumulative impacts to marine ecosystems globally from fishing, climate change, and ocean- and land-based stressors. Nearly 66% of the ocean and 77% of national jurisdictions show increased human impact, driven mostly by climate change pressures. Five percent of the ocean is heavily impacted with increasing pressures, requiring management attention. Ten percent has very low impact with decreasing pressures. Our results provide large-scale guidance about where to prioritize management efforts and affirm the importance of addressing climate change to maintain and improve the condition of marine ecosystems.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-4510691
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2015
publisher Nature Pub. Group
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-45106912015-07-28 Spatial and temporal changes in cumulative human impacts on the world's ocean Halpern, Benjamin S. Frazier, Melanie Potapenko, John Casey, Kenneth S. Koenig, Kellee Longo, Catherine Lowndes, Julia Stewart Rockwood, R. Cotton Selig, Elizabeth R. Selkoe, Kimberly A. Walbridge, Shaun Nat Commun Article Human pressures on the ocean are thought to be increasing globally, yet we know little about their patterns of cumulative change, which pressures are most responsible for change, and which places are experiencing the greatest increases. Managers and policymakers require such information to make strategic decisions and monitor progress towards management objectives. Here we calculate and map recent change over 5 years in cumulative impacts to marine ecosystems globally from fishing, climate change, and ocean- and land-based stressors. Nearly 66% of the ocean and 77% of national jurisdictions show increased human impact, driven mostly by climate change pressures. Five percent of the ocean is heavily impacted with increasing pressures, requiring management attention. Ten percent has very low impact with decreasing pressures. Our results provide large-scale guidance about where to prioritize management efforts and affirm the importance of addressing climate change to maintain and improve the condition of marine ecosystems. Nature Pub. Group 2015-07-14 /pmc/articles/PMC4510691/ /pubmed/26172980 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncomms8615 Text en Copyright © 2015, Nature Publishing Group, a division of Macmillan Publishers Limited. All Rights Reserved. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
spellingShingle Article
Halpern, Benjamin S.
Frazier, Melanie
Potapenko, John
Casey, Kenneth S.
Koenig, Kellee
Longo, Catherine
Lowndes, Julia Stewart
Rockwood, R. Cotton
Selig, Elizabeth R.
Selkoe, Kimberly A.
Walbridge, Shaun
Spatial and temporal changes in cumulative human impacts on the world's ocean
title Spatial and temporal changes in cumulative human impacts on the world's ocean
title_full Spatial and temporal changes in cumulative human impacts on the world's ocean
title_fullStr Spatial and temporal changes in cumulative human impacts on the world's ocean
title_full_unstemmed Spatial and temporal changes in cumulative human impacts on the world's ocean
title_short Spatial and temporal changes in cumulative human impacts on the world's ocean
title_sort spatial and temporal changes in cumulative human impacts on the world's ocean
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4510691/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26172980
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncomms8615
work_keys_str_mv AT halpernbenjamins spatialandtemporalchangesincumulativehumanimpactsontheworldsocean
AT fraziermelanie spatialandtemporalchangesincumulativehumanimpactsontheworldsocean
AT potapenkojohn spatialandtemporalchangesincumulativehumanimpactsontheworldsocean
AT caseykenneths spatialandtemporalchangesincumulativehumanimpactsontheworldsocean
AT koenigkellee spatialandtemporalchangesincumulativehumanimpactsontheworldsocean
AT longocatherine spatialandtemporalchangesincumulativehumanimpactsontheworldsocean
AT lowndesjuliastewart spatialandtemporalchangesincumulativehumanimpactsontheworldsocean
AT rockwoodrcotton spatialandtemporalchangesincumulativehumanimpactsontheworldsocean
AT seligelizabethr spatialandtemporalchangesincumulativehumanimpactsontheworldsocean
AT selkoekimberlya spatialandtemporalchangesincumulativehumanimpactsontheworldsocean
AT walbridgeshaun spatialandtemporalchangesincumulativehumanimpactsontheworldsocean