Anthropogenic Black Carbon Emission Increase during the Last 150 Years at Coastal Jiangsu, China

Black carbon (BC) is one of the major drivers of climate change and a useful indicator of environmental pollution from industrialization, and thus it is essential to reconstruct the historical trend in BC flux to better understand its impact. The Yancheng coastal wetland reserve in Jiangsu province is an area sensitive to global sea level change and is also located in the most developed as well as most polluted region of China. We investigated the concentration and historical flux of BC over the past 150 years through geochemical analysis of two (210)Pb-dated sediment cores from Yancheng coastal wetland. Measured BC contents ranged from 0.24 mg g(-1) to 1.41 mg g(-1) with average values of 0.51mg g(-1)-0.69 mg g(-1), and BC fluxes ranged from 0.69 g m(-2) yr(-1) to 11.80 g m(-2) yr(-1) with averages of 2.94g m(-2) yr(-1)-3.79 g m(-2) yr(-1). These values are consistent with other records worldwide. Both BC content and flux show a gradual and continuous increase over time and clearly reflect increased emissions from anthropogenic activities. The BC records have a significant peak in recent years (from 2000 to 2007), which is accompanied by the sharp increase of energy consumption and total carbon emission in the region. It is reasonable to conclude that changes in BC from increasing human activities have controlled BC fluxes during the last 150 years. Industrial contamination, especially BC emission, in the coastal region of eastern China should be taken into account when developing management strategies for protecting the natural environment.