Cargando…
Removal Efficiency of Faecal Indicator Organisms, Nutrients and Heavy Metals from a Peri-Urban Wastewater Treatment Plant in Thohoyandou, Limpopo Province, South Africa
Wastewater treatment facilities are known sources of fresh water pollution. This study was carried out from January to June 2014 to assess the reduction efficiency of some selected contaminants in the Thohoyandou wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). The pH and electrical conductivity of the effluent f...
Autores principales: | , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2015
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4515657/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26132481 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph120707300 |
_version_ | 1782382948635377664 |
---|---|
author | Edokpayi, Joshua N. Odiyo, John O. Msagati, Titus A. M. Popoola, Elizabeth O. |
author_facet | Edokpayi, Joshua N. Odiyo, John O. Msagati, Titus A. M. Popoola, Elizabeth O. |
author_sort | Edokpayi, Joshua N. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Wastewater treatment facilities are known sources of fresh water pollution. This study was carried out from January to June 2014 to assess the reduction efficiency of some selected contaminants in the Thohoyandou wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). The pH and electrical conductivity of the effluent fell within the South African wastewater discharge guidelines. The WWTP showed the chemical oxygen demand reduction efficiency required by the Department of Water Affairs (DWA) guidelines of 75 mg/L for the months of April and June, although it was below this standard in March and May. Free chlorine concentration varied between 0.26–0.96 mg/L and exceeded the DWA guideline value of 0.25 mg/L. The concentration of nitrate-nitrogen (NO(3)(−) N) in the influent and effluent varied between 0.499–2.31 mg/L and 7.545–19.413 mg/L, respectively. The concentration of NO(3)(−) N in the effluent complied with DWA effluent discharge standard of 15 mg/L, except in April and May. Phosphate concentrations in the influent and effluent were in the ranges of 0.552–42.646 mg/L and 1.572–32.554 mg/L, respectively. The WWTP showed reduction efficiencies of E. coli and Enterococci during some sampling periods but the level found in the effluent exceeded the recommended guideline value of 1000 cfu/100 mL for faecal indicator organisms in wastewater effluents. Consistent removal efficiencies were observed for Al (32–74%), Fe (7–32%) and Zn (24–94%) in most of the sampling months. In conclusion, the Thohoyandou WWTP is inefficient in treating wastewater to the acceptable quality before discharge. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4515657 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2015 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-45156572015-07-28 Removal Efficiency of Faecal Indicator Organisms, Nutrients and Heavy Metals from a Peri-Urban Wastewater Treatment Plant in Thohoyandou, Limpopo Province, South Africa Edokpayi, Joshua N. Odiyo, John O. Msagati, Titus A. M. Popoola, Elizabeth O. Int J Environ Res Public Health Article Wastewater treatment facilities are known sources of fresh water pollution. This study was carried out from January to June 2014 to assess the reduction efficiency of some selected contaminants in the Thohoyandou wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). The pH and electrical conductivity of the effluent fell within the South African wastewater discharge guidelines. The WWTP showed the chemical oxygen demand reduction efficiency required by the Department of Water Affairs (DWA) guidelines of 75 mg/L for the months of April and June, although it was below this standard in March and May. Free chlorine concentration varied between 0.26–0.96 mg/L and exceeded the DWA guideline value of 0.25 mg/L. The concentration of nitrate-nitrogen (NO(3)(−) N) in the influent and effluent varied between 0.499–2.31 mg/L and 7.545–19.413 mg/L, respectively. The concentration of NO(3)(−) N in the effluent complied with DWA effluent discharge standard of 15 mg/L, except in April and May. Phosphate concentrations in the influent and effluent were in the ranges of 0.552–42.646 mg/L and 1.572–32.554 mg/L, respectively. The WWTP showed reduction efficiencies of E. coli and Enterococci during some sampling periods but the level found in the effluent exceeded the recommended guideline value of 1000 cfu/100 mL for faecal indicator organisms in wastewater effluents. Consistent removal efficiencies were observed for Al (32–74%), Fe (7–32%) and Zn (24–94%) in most of the sampling months. In conclusion, the Thohoyandou WWTP is inefficient in treating wastewater to the acceptable quality before discharge. MDPI 2015-06-29 2015-07 /pmc/articles/PMC4515657/ /pubmed/26132481 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph120707300 Text en © 2015 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Edokpayi, Joshua N. Odiyo, John O. Msagati, Titus A. M. Popoola, Elizabeth O. Removal Efficiency of Faecal Indicator Organisms, Nutrients and Heavy Metals from a Peri-Urban Wastewater Treatment Plant in Thohoyandou, Limpopo Province, South Africa |
title | Removal Efficiency of Faecal Indicator Organisms, Nutrients and Heavy Metals from a Peri-Urban Wastewater Treatment Plant in Thohoyandou, Limpopo Province, South Africa |
title_full | Removal Efficiency of Faecal Indicator Organisms, Nutrients and Heavy Metals from a Peri-Urban Wastewater Treatment Plant in Thohoyandou, Limpopo Province, South Africa |
title_fullStr | Removal Efficiency of Faecal Indicator Organisms, Nutrients and Heavy Metals from a Peri-Urban Wastewater Treatment Plant in Thohoyandou, Limpopo Province, South Africa |
title_full_unstemmed | Removal Efficiency of Faecal Indicator Organisms, Nutrients and Heavy Metals from a Peri-Urban Wastewater Treatment Plant in Thohoyandou, Limpopo Province, South Africa |
title_short | Removal Efficiency of Faecal Indicator Organisms, Nutrients and Heavy Metals from a Peri-Urban Wastewater Treatment Plant in Thohoyandou, Limpopo Province, South Africa |
title_sort | removal efficiency of faecal indicator organisms, nutrients and heavy metals from a peri-urban wastewater treatment plant in thohoyandou, limpopo province, south africa |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4515657/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26132481 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph120707300 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT edokpayijoshuan removalefficiencyoffaecalindicatororganismsnutrientsandheavymetalsfromaperiurbanwastewatertreatmentplantinthohoyandoulimpopoprovincesouthafrica AT odiyojohno removalefficiencyoffaecalindicatororganismsnutrientsandheavymetalsfromaperiurbanwastewatertreatmentplantinthohoyandoulimpopoprovincesouthafrica AT msagatititusam removalefficiencyoffaecalindicatororganismsnutrientsandheavymetalsfromaperiurbanwastewatertreatmentplantinthohoyandoulimpopoprovincesouthafrica AT popoolaelizabetho removalefficiencyoffaecalindicatororganismsnutrientsandheavymetalsfromaperiurbanwastewatertreatmentplantinthohoyandoulimpopoprovincesouthafrica |