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Gluten Psychosis: Confirmation of a New Clinical Entity
Non-celiac gluten sensitivity (NCGS) is a syndrome diagnosed in patients with symptoms that respond to removal of gluten from the diet, after celiac disease and wheat allergy have been excluded. NCGS has been related to neuro-psychiatric disorders, such as autism, schizophrenia and depression. A sin...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2015
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4517012/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26184290 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu7075235 |
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author | Lionetti, Elena Leonardi, Salvatore Franzonello, Chiara Mancardi, Margherita Ruggieri, Martino Catassi, Carlo |
author_facet | Lionetti, Elena Leonardi, Salvatore Franzonello, Chiara Mancardi, Margherita Ruggieri, Martino Catassi, Carlo |
author_sort | Lionetti, Elena |
collection | PubMed |
description | Non-celiac gluten sensitivity (NCGS) is a syndrome diagnosed in patients with symptoms that respond to removal of gluten from the diet, after celiac disease and wheat allergy have been excluded. NCGS has been related to neuro-psychiatric disorders, such as autism, schizophrenia and depression. A singular report of NCGS presenting with hallucinations has been described in an adult patient. We report a pediatric case of a psychotic disorder clearly related to NCGS and investigate the causes by a review of literature. The pathogenesis of neuro-psychiatric manifestations of NCGS is unclear. It has been hypothesized that: (a) a “leaky gut” allows some gluten peptides to cross the intestinal membrane and the blood brain barrier, affecting the endogenous opiate system and neurotransmission; or (b) gluten peptides may set up an innate immune response in the brain similar to that described in the gut mucosa, causing exposure from neuronal cells of a transglutaminase primarily expressed in the brain. The present case-report confirms that psychosis may be a manifestation of NCGS, and may also involve children; the diagnosis is difficult with many cases remaining undiagnosed. Well-designed prospective studies are needed to establish the real role of gluten as a triggering factor in neuro-psychiatric disorders. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4517012 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2015 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-45170122015-07-30 Gluten Psychosis: Confirmation of a New Clinical Entity Lionetti, Elena Leonardi, Salvatore Franzonello, Chiara Mancardi, Margherita Ruggieri, Martino Catassi, Carlo Nutrients Case Report Non-celiac gluten sensitivity (NCGS) is a syndrome diagnosed in patients with symptoms that respond to removal of gluten from the diet, after celiac disease and wheat allergy have been excluded. NCGS has been related to neuro-psychiatric disorders, such as autism, schizophrenia and depression. A singular report of NCGS presenting with hallucinations has been described in an adult patient. We report a pediatric case of a psychotic disorder clearly related to NCGS and investigate the causes by a review of literature. The pathogenesis of neuro-psychiatric manifestations of NCGS is unclear. It has been hypothesized that: (a) a “leaky gut” allows some gluten peptides to cross the intestinal membrane and the blood brain barrier, affecting the endogenous opiate system and neurotransmission; or (b) gluten peptides may set up an innate immune response in the brain similar to that described in the gut mucosa, causing exposure from neuronal cells of a transglutaminase primarily expressed in the brain. The present case-report confirms that psychosis may be a manifestation of NCGS, and may also involve children; the diagnosis is difficult with many cases remaining undiagnosed. Well-designed prospective studies are needed to establish the real role of gluten as a triggering factor in neuro-psychiatric disorders. MDPI 2015-07-08 /pmc/articles/PMC4517012/ /pubmed/26184290 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu7075235 Text en © 2015 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Case Report Lionetti, Elena Leonardi, Salvatore Franzonello, Chiara Mancardi, Margherita Ruggieri, Martino Catassi, Carlo Gluten Psychosis: Confirmation of a New Clinical Entity |
title | Gluten Psychosis: Confirmation of a New Clinical Entity |
title_full | Gluten Psychosis: Confirmation of a New Clinical Entity |
title_fullStr | Gluten Psychosis: Confirmation of a New Clinical Entity |
title_full_unstemmed | Gluten Psychosis: Confirmation of a New Clinical Entity |
title_short | Gluten Psychosis: Confirmation of a New Clinical Entity |
title_sort | gluten psychosis: confirmation of a new clinical entity |
topic | Case Report |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4517012/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26184290 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu7075235 |
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