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Maternal body mass index during early pregnancy, gestational weight gain, and risk of autism spectrum disorders: Results from a Swedish total population and discordant sibling study
Background: Prenatal environmental factors such as maternal adiposity may influence the risk of offspring autism spectrum disorders (ASD), though current evidence is inconsistent. The objective of this study was to assess the relationship of parental BMI and gestational weight gain (GWG) with risk o...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Oxford University Press
2015
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4521130/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26045508 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyv081 |
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author | Gardner, Renee M Lee, Brian K Magnusson, Cecilia Rai, Dheeraj Frisell, Thomas Karlsson, Håkan Idring, Selma Dalman, Christina |
author_facet | Gardner, Renee M Lee, Brian K Magnusson, Cecilia Rai, Dheeraj Frisell, Thomas Karlsson, Håkan Idring, Selma Dalman, Christina |
author_sort | Gardner, Renee M |
collection | PubMed |
description | Background: Prenatal environmental factors such as maternal adiposity may influence the risk of offspring autism spectrum disorders (ASD), though current evidence is inconsistent. The objective of this study was to assess the relationship of parental BMI and gestational weight gain (GWG) with risk of offspring ASD in a population-based cohort study using family-based study designs. Methods: The cohort was based in Stockholm County, Sweden, including 333 057 individuals born 1984–2007, of whom 6420 were diagnosed with an ASD. We evaluated maternal body mass index (BMI) at first antenatal visit, GWG and paternal BMI at the time of conscription into the Swedish military as exposures using general estimating equation (GEE) models with logit link. Results: At the population level, maternal overweight/obesity was associated with increased risk of offspring ASD [odds ratio (OR)(25 ≤ BMI < 30) 1.31, 95% confidence interval = 1.21–1.41; OR(BMI ≥ 30) 1.94, 1.72–2.17], as was paternal underweight (OR(BMI < 18.5), 1.19, 1.06–1.33) and obesity (OR(BMI ≥ 30) 1.47, 1.12–1.92) in mutually adjusted models. However, in matched sibling analyses, the relationship between elevated maternal BMI and ASD risk was not apparent. GWG had a U-shaped association with offspring ASD at the population level (OR(insufficient) 1.22, 1.07–1.40; OR(excessive) 1.23, 1.08–1.40). Matched sibling analyses were suggestive of elevated risk with excessive GWG (OR(insufficient) 1.12, 0.68–1.84; OR(excessive) 1.48, 0.93–2.38). Conclusions: Whereas population-level results suggested that maternal BMI was associated with ASD, sibling analyses and paternal BMI analyses indicate that maternal BMI may also be a proxy marker for other familial risk factors. Evidence is stronger for a direct link between GWG and ASD risk. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4521130 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2015 |
publisher | Oxford University Press |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-45211302015-08-05 Maternal body mass index during early pregnancy, gestational weight gain, and risk of autism spectrum disorders: Results from a Swedish total population and discordant sibling study Gardner, Renee M Lee, Brian K Magnusson, Cecilia Rai, Dheeraj Frisell, Thomas Karlsson, Håkan Idring, Selma Dalman, Christina Int J Epidemiol Early Life Exposures Background: Prenatal environmental factors such as maternal adiposity may influence the risk of offspring autism spectrum disorders (ASD), though current evidence is inconsistent. The objective of this study was to assess the relationship of parental BMI and gestational weight gain (GWG) with risk of offspring ASD in a population-based cohort study using family-based study designs. Methods: The cohort was based in Stockholm County, Sweden, including 333 057 individuals born 1984–2007, of whom 6420 were diagnosed with an ASD. We evaluated maternal body mass index (BMI) at first antenatal visit, GWG and paternal BMI at the time of conscription into the Swedish military as exposures using general estimating equation (GEE) models with logit link. Results: At the population level, maternal overweight/obesity was associated with increased risk of offspring ASD [odds ratio (OR)(25 ≤ BMI < 30) 1.31, 95% confidence interval = 1.21–1.41; OR(BMI ≥ 30) 1.94, 1.72–2.17], as was paternal underweight (OR(BMI < 18.5), 1.19, 1.06–1.33) and obesity (OR(BMI ≥ 30) 1.47, 1.12–1.92) in mutually adjusted models. However, in matched sibling analyses, the relationship between elevated maternal BMI and ASD risk was not apparent. GWG had a U-shaped association with offspring ASD at the population level (OR(insufficient) 1.22, 1.07–1.40; OR(excessive) 1.23, 1.08–1.40). Matched sibling analyses were suggestive of elevated risk with excessive GWG (OR(insufficient) 1.12, 0.68–1.84; OR(excessive) 1.48, 0.93–2.38). Conclusions: Whereas population-level results suggested that maternal BMI was associated with ASD, sibling analyses and paternal BMI analyses indicate that maternal BMI may also be a proxy marker for other familial risk factors. Evidence is stronger for a direct link between GWG and ASD risk. Oxford University Press 2015-06 2015-06-04 /pmc/articles/PMC4521130/ /pubmed/26045508 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyv081 Text en © The Author 2015. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the International Epidemiological Association http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com |
spellingShingle | Early Life Exposures Gardner, Renee M Lee, Brian K Magnusson, Cecilia Rai, Dheeraj Frisell, Thomas Karlsson, Håkan Idring, Selma Dalman, Christina Maternal body mass index during early pregnancy, gestational weight gain, and risk of autism spectrum disorders: Results from a Swedish total population and discordant sibling study |
title | Maternal body mass index during early pregnancy, gestational weight gain, and risk of autism spectrum disorders: Results from a Swedish total population and discordant sibling study |
title_full | Maternal body mass index during early pregnancy, gestational weight gain, and risk of autism spectrum disorders: Results from a Swedish total population and discordant sibling study |
title_fullStr | Maternal body mass index during early pregnancy, gestational weight gain, and risk of autism spectrum disorders: Results from a Swedish total population and discordant sibling study |
title_full_unstemmed | Maternal body mass index during early pregnancy, gestational weight gain, and risk of autism spectrum disorders: Results from a Swedish total population and discordant sibling study |
title_short | Maternal body mass index during early pregnancy, gestational weight gain, and risk of autism spectrum disorders: Results from a Swedish total population and discordant sibling study |
title_sort | maternal body mass index during early pregnancy, gestational weight gain, and risk of autism spectrum disorders: results from a swedish total population and discordant sibling study |
topic | Early Life Exposures |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4521130/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26045508 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyv081 |
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