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The Additive Value of Femoral Ultrasound for Subclinical Atherosclerosis Assessment in a Single Center Cohort of 962 Adults, Including High Risk Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis, Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

BACKGROUND: Presence of femoral atheromatic plaques, an emerging cardiovascular disease (CVD) biomarker additional to carotid plaques, is poorly investigated in conditions associating with accelerated atherosclerosis such as Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA), Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection and...

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Autores principales: Protogerou, Athanasios D., Fransen, Jaap, Zampeli, Evangelia, Argyris, Antonis A., Aissopou, Evagelia, Arida, Aikaterini, Konstantonis, George D., Tentolouris, Nikos, Makrilakis, Konstantinos, Psichogiou, Mina, Daikos, George, Kitas, George D., Sfikakis, Petros P.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4521696/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26230728
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0132307
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author Protogerou, Athanasios D.
Fransen, Jaap
Zampeli, Evangelia
Argyris, Antonis A.
Aissopou, Evagelia
Arida, Aikaterini
Konstantonis, George D.
Tentolouris, Nikos
Makrilakis, Konstantinos
Psichogiou, Mina
Daikos, George
Kitas, George D.
Sfikakis, Petros P.
author_facet Protogerou, Athanasios D.
Fransen, Jaap
Zampeli, Evangelia
Argyris, Antonis A.
Aissopou, Evagelia
Arida, Aikaterini
Konstantonis, George D.
Tentolouris, Nikos
Makrilakis, Konstantinos
Psichogiou, Mina
Daikos, George
Kitas, George D.
Sfikakis, Petros P.
author_sort Protogerou, Athanasios D.
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Presence of femoral atheromatic plaques, an emerging cardiovascular disease (CVD) biomarker additional to carotid plaques, is poorly investigated in conditions associating with accelerated atherosclerosis such as Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA), Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). OBJECTIVE/METHODS: To assess the frequency of femoral/carotid subclinical atheromatosis phenotypes in RA, HIV and T2DM and search for each disease-specific probability of either femoral and/or carotid subclinical atheromatosis, we examined by ultrasound a single-center cohort of CVD-free individuals comprised of consecutive non-diabetic patients with RA (n=226) and HIV (n=133), T2DM patients (n=109) and non-diabetic individuals with suspected/known hypertension (n=494) who served as reference group. RESULTS: Subclinical atheromatosis - defined as local plaque presence in at least on arterial bed - was diagnosed in 50% of the overall population. Among them, femoral plaques only were found in 25% of either RA or HIV patients, as well as in 16% of T2DM patients and 35% of reference subjects. After adjusting for all classical CVD risk factors, RA and HIV patients had comparable probability to reference group of having femoral plaques, but higher probability (1.75; 1.17 - 2.63 (odds ratio; 95% confidence intervals), 2.04; 1.14 - 3.64, respectively) of having carotid plaques, whereas T2DM patients had higher probability to have femoral and carotid plaques, albeit, due to their pronounced dyslipidemic profile. CONCLUSION: RA and HIV accelerate predominantly carotid than femoral. A “two windows” carotid/femoral, rather than carotid alone ultrasound, screening improves substantially subclinical atheromatosis detection in patients at high CVD risk.
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spelling pubmed-45216962015-08-06 The Additive Value of Femoral Ultrasound for Subclinical Atherosclerosis Assessment in a Single Center Cohort of 962 Adults, Including High Risk Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis, Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Protogerou, Athanasios D. Fransen, Jaap Zampeli, Evangelia Argyris, Antonis A. Aissopou, Evagelia Arida, Aikaterini Konstantonis, George D. Tentolouris, Nikos Makrilakis, Konstantinos Psichogiou, Mina Daikos, George Kitas, George D. Sfikakis, Petros P. PLoS One Research Article BACKGROUND: Presence of femoral atheromatic plaques, an emerging cardiovascular disease (CVD) biomarker additional to carotid plaques, is poorly investigated in conditions associating with accelerated atherosclerosis such as Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA), Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). OBJECTIVE/METHODS: To assess the frequency of femoral/carotid subclinical atheromatosis phenotypes in RA, HIV and T2DM and search for each disease-specific probability of either femoral and/or carotid subclinical atheromatosis, we examined by ultrasound a single-center cohort of CVD-free individuals comprised of consecutive non-diabetic patients with RA (n=226) and HIV (n=133), T2DM patients (n=109) and non-diabetic individuals with suspected/known hypertension (n=494) who served as reference group. RESULTS: Subclinical atheromatosis - defined as local plaque presence in at least on arterial bed - was diagnosed in 50% of the overall population. Among them, femoral plaques only were found in 25% of either RA or HIV patients, as well as in 16% of T2DM patients and 35% of reference subjects. After adjusting for all classical CVD risk factors, RA and HIV patients had comparable probability to reference group of having femoral plaques, but higher probability (1.75; 1.17 - 2.63 (odds ratio; 95% confidence intervals), 2.04; 1.14 - 3.64, respectively) of having carotid plaques, whereas T2DM patients had higher probability to have femoral and carotid plaques, albeit, due to their pronounced dyslipidemic profile. CONCLUSION: RA and HIV accelerate predominantly carotid than femoral. A “two windows” carotid/femoral, rather than carotid alone ultrasound, screening improves substantially subclinical atheromatosis detection in patients at high CVD risk. Public Library of Science 2015-07-31 /pmc/articles/PMC4521696/ /pubmed/26230728 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0132307 Text en © 2015 Protogerou et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Protogerou, Athanasios D.
Fransen, Jaap
Zampeli, Evangelia
Argyris, Antonis A.
Aissopou, Evagelia
Arida, Aikaterini
Konstantonis, George D.
Tentolouris, Nikos
Makrilakis, Konstantinos
Psichogiou, Mina
Daikos, George
Kitas, George D.
Sfikakis, Petros P.
The Additive Value of Femoral Ultrasound for Subclinical Atherosclerosis Assessment in a Single Center Cohort of 962 Adults, Including High Risk Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis, Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
title The Additive Value of Femoral Ultrasound for Subclinical Atherosclerosis Assessment in a Single Center Cohort of 962 Adults, Including High Risk Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis, Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
title_full The Additive Value of Femoral Ultrasound for Subclinical Atherosclerosis Assessment in a Single Center Cohort of 962 Adults, Including High Risk Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis, Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
title_fullStr The Additive Value of Femoral Ultrasound for Subclinical Atherosclerosis Assessment in a Single Center Cohort of 962 Adults, Including High Risk Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis, Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
title_full_unstemmed The Additive Value of Femoral Ultrasound for Subclinical Atherosclerosis Assessment in a Single Center Cohort of 962 Adults, Including High Risk Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis, Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
title_short The Additive Value of Femoral Ultrasound for Subclinical Atherosclerosis Assessment in a Single Center Cohort of 962 Adults, Including High Risk Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis, Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
title_sort additive value of femoral ultrasound for subclinical atherosclerosis assessment in a single center cohort of 962 adults, including high risk patients with rheumatoid arthritis, human immunodeficiency virus infection and type 2 diabetes mellitus
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4521696/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26230728
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0132307
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