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Gibberellin Promotes Shoot Branching in the Perennial Woody Plant Jatropha curcas

Strigolactone (SL), auxin and cytokinin (CK) interact to regulate shoot branching. CK has long been considered to be the only key phytohormone to promote lateral bud outgrowth. Here we report that gibberellin also acts as a positive regulator in the control of shoot branching in the woody plant Jatr...

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Autores principales: Ni, Jun, Gao, Congcong, Chen, Mao-Sheng, Pan, Bang-Zhen, Ye, Kaiqin, Xu, Zeng-Fu
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Oxford University Press 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4523387/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26076970
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pcp/pcv089
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author Ni, Jun
Gao, Congcong
Chen, Mao-Sheng
Pan, Bang-Zhen
Ye, Kaiqin
Xu, Zeng-Fu
author_facet Ni, Jun
Gao, Congcong
Chen, Mao-Sheng
Pan, Bang-Zhen
Ye, Kaiqin
Xu, Zeng-Fu
author_sort Ni, Jun
collection PubMed
description Strigolactone (SL), auxin and cytokinin (CK) interact to regulate shoot branching. CK has long been considered to be the only key phytohormone to promote lateral bud outgrowth. Here we report that gibberellin also acts as a positive regulator in the control of shoot branching in the woody plant Jatropha curcas. We show that gibberellin and CK synergistically promote lateral bud outgrowth, and that both hormones influence the expression of putative branching regulators, J. curcas BRANCHED1 and BRANCHED2, which are key transcription factors maintaining bud dormancy. Moreover, treatment with paclobutrazol, an inhibitor of de novo gibberellin biosynthesis, significantly reduced the promotion of bud outgrowth by CK, suggesting that gibberellin is required for CK-mediated axillary bud outgrowth. In addition, SL, a plant hormone involved in the repression of shoot branching, acted antagonistically to both gibberellin and CK in the control of lateral bud outgrowth. Consistent with this, the expression of JcMAX2, a J. curcas homolog of Arabidopsis MORE AXILLARY GROWTH 2 encoding an F-box protein in the SL signaling pathway, was repressed by gibberellin and CK treatment. We also provide physiological evidence that gibberellin also induces shoot branching in many other trees, such as papaya, indicating that a more complicated regulatory network occurs in the control of shoot branching in some perennial woody plants.
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spelling pubmed-45233872015-08-05 Gibberellin Promotes Shoot Branching in the Perennial Woody Plant Jatropha curcas Ni, Jun Gao, Congcong Chen, Mao-Sheng Pan, Bang-Zhen Ye, Kaiqin Xu, Zeng-Fu Plant Cell Physiol Regular Papers Strigolactone (SL), auxin and cytokinin (CK) interact to regulate shoot branching. CK has long been considered to be the only key phytohormone to promote lateral bud outgrowth. Here we report that gibberellin also acts as a positive regulator in the control of shoot branching in the woody plant Jatropha curcas. We show that gibberellin and CK synergistically promote lateral bud outgrowth, and that both hormones influence the expression of putative branching regulators, J. curcas BRANCHED1 and BRANCHED2, which are key transcription factors maintaining bud dormancy. Moreover, treatment with paclobutrazol, an inhibitor of de novo gibberellin biosynthesis, significantly reduced the promotion of bud outgrowth by CK, suggesting that gibberellin is required for CK-mediated axillary bud outgrowth. In addition, SL, a plant hormone involved in the repression of shoot branching, acted antagonistically to both gibberellin and CK in the control of lateral bud outgrowth. Consistent with this, the expression of JcMAX2, a J. curcas homolog of Arabidopsis MORE AXILLARY GROWTH 2 encoding an F-box protein in the SL signaling pathway, was repressed by gibberellin and CK treatment. We also provide physiological evidence that gibberellin also induces shoot branching in many other trees, such as papaya, indicating that a more complicated regulatory network occurs in the control of shoot branching in some perennial woody plants. Oxford University Press 2015-08 2015-06-15 /pmc/articles/PMC4523387/ /pubmed/26076970 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pcp/pcv089 Text en © The Author 2015. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Japanese Society of Plant Physiologists. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Regular Papers
Ni, Jun
Gao, Congcong
Chen, Mao-Sheng
Pan, Bang-Zhen
Ye, Kaiqin
Xu, Zeng-Fu
Gibberellin Promotes Shoot Branching in the Perennial Woody Plant Jatropha curcas
title Gibberellin Promotes Shoot Branching in the Perennial Woody Plant Jatropha curcas
title_full Gibberellin Promotes Shoot Branching in the Perennial Woody Plant Jatropha curcas
title_fullStr Gibberellin Promotes Shoot Branching in the Perennial Woody Plant Jatropha curcas
title_full_unstemmed Gibberellin Promotes Shoot Branching in the Perennial Woody Plant Jatropha curcas
title_short Gibberellin Promotes Shoot Branching in the Perennial Woody Plant Jatropha curcas
title_sort gibberellin promotes shoot branching in the perennial woody plant jatropha curcas
topic Regular Papers
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4523387/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26076970
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pcp/pcv089
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