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A Genomic Approach to Unravel Host-Pathogen Interaction in Chelonians: The Example of Testudinid Herpesvirus 3

We report the first de novo sequence assembly and analysis of the genome of Testudinid herpesvirus 3 (TeHV3), one of the most pathogenic chelonian herpesviruses. The genome of TeHV3 is at least 150,080 nucleotides long, is arranged in a type D configuration and comprises at least 102 open reading fr...

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Autores principales: Origgi, Francesco C., Tecilla, Marco, Pilo, Paola, Aloisio, Fabio, Otten, Patricia, Aguilar-Bultet, Lisandra, Sattler, Ursula, Roccabianca, Paola, Romero, Carlos H., Bloom, David C., Jacobson, Elliott R.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4526542/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26244892
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0134897
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author Origgi, Francesco C.
Tecilla, Marco
Pilo, Paola
Aloisio, Fabio
Otten, Patricia
Aguilar-Bultet, Lisandra
Sattler, Ursula
Roccabianca, Paola
Romero, Carlos H.
Bloom, David C.
Jacobson, Elliott R.
author_facet Origgi, Francesco C.
Tecilla, Marco
Pilo, Paola
Aloisio, Fabio
Otten, Patricia
Aguilar-Bultet, Lisandra
Sattler, Ursula
Roccabianca, Paola
Romero, Carlos H.
Bloom, David C.
Jacobson, Elliott R.
author_sort Origgi, Francesco C.
collection PubMed
description We report the first de novo sequence assembly and analysis of the genome of Testudinid herpesvirus 3 (TeHV3), one of the most pathogenic chelonian herpesviruses. The genome of TeHV3 is at least 150,080 nucleotides long, is arranged in a type D configuration and comprises at least 102 open reading frames extensively co-linear with those of Human herpesvirus 1. Consistently, the phylogenetic analysis positions TeHV3 among the Alphaherpesvirinae, closely associated with Chelonid herpesvirus 5, a Scutavirus. To date, there has been limited genetic characterization of TeHVs and a resolution beyond the genotype was not feasible because of the lack of informative DNA sequences. To exemplify the potential benefits of the novel genomic information provided by this first whole genome analysis, we selected the glycoprotein B (gB) gene, for detailed comparison among different TeHV3 isolates. The rationale for selecting gB is that it encodes for a well-conserved protein among herpesviruses but is coupled with a relevant antigenicity and is consequently prone to accumulate single nucleotide polymorphisms. These features were considered critical for an ideal phylogenetic marker to investigate the potential existence of distinct TeHV3 genogroups and their associated pathology. Fifteen captive tortoises presumptively diagnosed to be infected with TeHVs or carrying compatible lesions on the basis of either the presence of intranuclear inclusions (presumptively infected) and/or diphtheronecrotic stomatitis-glossitis or pneumonia (compatible lesions) were selected for the study. Viral isolation, TeHV identification, phylogenetic analysis and pathological characterization of the associated lesions, were performed. Our results revealed 1) the existence of at least two distinct TeHV3 genogroups apparently associated with different pathologies in tortoises and 2) the first evidence for a putative homologous recombination event having occurred in a chelonian herpesvirus. This novel information is not only fundamental for the genetic characterization of this virus but is also critical to lay the groundwork for an improved understanding of host-pathogen interactions in chelonians and contribute to tortoise conservation.
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spelling pubmed-45265422015-08-12 A Genomic Approach to Unravel Host-Pathogen Interaction in Chelonians: The Example of Testudinid Herpesvirus 3 Origgi, Francesco C. Tecilla, Marco Pilo, Paola Aloisio, Fabio Otten, Patricia Aguilar-Bultet, Lisandra Sattler, Ursula Roccabianca, Paola Romero, Carlos H. Bloom, David C. Jacobson, Elliott R. PLoS One Research Article We report the first de novo sequence assembly and analysis of the genome of Testudinid herpesvirus 3 (TeHV3), one of the most pathogenic chelonian herpesviruses. The genome of TeHV3 is at least 150,080 nucleotides long, is arranged in a type D configuration and comprises at least 102 open reading frames extensively co-linear with those of Human herpesvirus 1. Consistently, the phylogenetic analysis positions TeHV3 among the Alphaherpesvirinae, closely associated with Chelonid herpesvirus 5, a Scutavirus. To date, there has been limited genetic characterization of TeHVs and a resolution beyond the genotype was not feasible because of the lack of informative DNA sequences. To exemplify the potential benefits of the novel genomic information provided by this first whole genome analysis, we selected the glycoprotein B (gB) gene, for detailed comparison among different TeHV3 isolates. The rationale for selecting gB is that it encodes for a well-conserved protein among herpesviruses but is coupled with a relevant antigenicity and is consequently prone to accumulate single nucleotide polymorphisms. These features were considered critical for an ideal phylogenetic marker to investigate the potential existence of distinct TeHV3 genogroups and their associated pathology. Fifteen captive tortoises presumptively diagnosed to be infected with TeHVs or carrying compatible lesions on the basis of either the presence of intranuclear inclusions (presumptively infected) and/or diphtheronecrotic stomatitis-glossitis or pneumonia (compatible lesions) were selected for the study. Viral isolation, TeHV identification, phylogenetic analysis and pathological characterization of the associated lesions, were performed. Our results revealed 1) the existence of at least two distinct TeHV3 genogroups apparently associated with different pathologies in tortoises and 2) the first evidence for a putative homologous recombination event having occurred in a chelonian herpesvirus. This novel information is not only fundamental for the genetic characterization of this virus but is also critical to lay the groundwork for an improved understanding of host-pathogen interactions in chelonians and contribute to tortoise conservation. Public Library of Science 2015-08-05 /pmc/articles/PMC4526542/ /pubmed/26244892 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0134897 Text en © 2015 Origgi et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Origgi, Francesco C.
Tecilla, Marco
Pilo, Paola
Aloisio, Fabio
Otten, Patricia
Aguilar-Bultet, Lisandra
Sattler, Ursula
Roccabianca, Paola
Romero, Carlos H.
Bloom, David C.
Jacobson, Elliott R.
A Genomic Approach to Unravel Host-Pathogen Interaction in Chelonians: The Example of Testudinid Herpesvirus 3
title A Genomic Approach to Unravel Host-Pathogen Interaction in Chelonians: The Example of Testudinid Herpesvirus 3
title_full A Genomic Approach to Unravel Host-Pathogen Interaction in Chelonians: The Example of Testudinid Herpesvirus 3
title_fullStr A Genomic Approach to Unravel Host-Pathogen Interaction in Chelonians: The Example of Testudinid Herpesvirus 3
title_full_unstemmed A Genomic Approach to Unravel Host-Pathogen Interaction in Chelonians: The Example of Testudinid Herpesvirus 3
title_short A Genomic Approach to Unravel Host-Pathogen Interaction in Chelonians: The Example of Testudinid Herpesvirus 3
title_sort genomic approach to unravel host-pathogen interaction in chelonians: the example of testudinid herpesvirus 3
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4526542/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26244892
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0134897
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